中國智慧化戰爭看點：人工智慧將改變未來中國戰爭制勝機制
現代英語：
Artificial intelligence technology is an important support for improving strategic capabilities in emerging fields. It has developed rapidly in recent years and is widely used in the military field. It continues to generate new asymmetric advantages and profoundly changes the basic shape, combat methods and winning mechanisms of future wars. We should have a deep understanding of the revolutionary technological power of artificial intelligence, accurately identify changes, respond scientifically, and proactively seek changes, and strive to explore ways to win future wars, and win the initiative in the accelerating intelligent wars.
information mechanism
If you know your enemy and yourself, you can fight a hundred battles without danger. Quickly and effectively mastering all-round information is the primary prerequisite for winning a war. Artificial intelligence can realize intelligent perception of battlefield situation, intelligent analysis of massive data, and intelligent processing of multiple information, and can form a “transparent” advantage on the battlefield.
Autonomous implementation of battlefield awareness. By embedding intelligent modules into wartime reconnaissance systems, various types of reconnaissance node units can achieve random networking, on-the-fly collaboration, and organic integration. They can independently capture battlefield information in all directions and dimensions, and build a relatively “transparent” digital battlefield environment and combat situation. It then clears the “fog” of war and presents combat scenes in a panoramic manner.
Accurate identification of massive data. Relying on intelligent technologies such as precise sensing technology and analysis and recognition technology, it can accurately interpret, analyze, compare and integrate diversified voice, text, pictures, videos and other data to obtain a faster, more complete, more accurate and deeper battlefield situation. The result is far faster and more accurate than human brain processing.
Respond efficiently to key information. Based on intelligent technology groups such as combat cloud, big data, and the Internet of Things, it can quickly excavate large quantities of non-standardized and heterogeneous intelligence data, independently discover symptoms, identify intentions, study trends, find patterns, and respond accurately in real time. Commander’s need for critical information.
Synchronize and share the integration situation. The intelligent control system can optimize and integrate various reconnaissance and surveillance systems distributed in different spaces and frequency domains such as land, sea, air and space power grids, and play an important hub role in sharing information and unified cognition, building a system based on “one picture” and “one picture”. The “open network” and “one chain” situation enables all combat units to synchronously share the required information from different spaces, distances, and frequencies in all areas, all frequencies, and all the time, realizing wisdom sharing.
Decision-making mechanism
If the husband has not fought yet and the temple is considered the winner, he must be considered the winner. Scientific and accurate decision-making is a prerequisite for winning a war. Artificial intelligence can conduct dynamic battlefield simulations, quickly make feasible decisions, significantly shorten the operational planning and decision-making cycle, and form a decision-making advantage.
Intelligent analysis and judgment of strategic situations. The decision-making assistance system integrated with artificial intelligence technology has functions such as information collection, query management, data processing, and correlation analysis. It can effectively break through the limitations of human analysis capabilities, maximize the elimination of falsehoods and preserve truths, correlation verification, and link thinking, and automatically conduct analysis of the enemy’s situation, our situation, and our situation. Big data analysis such as battlefield environment can form comparative data on relevant troops, weapons, etc., which can effectively assist combat command and help commanders quickly make combat decisions.
Intelligent selection of combat plans. Relying on the intelligent combat simulation system, based on the pre-entered combat missions and target information, multiple sets of intuitive plans and plans are automatically generated, comprehensively evaluate their advantages, disadvantages and potential risks, and select the plan that is most conducive to realizing the commander’s intention. for the commander to make the final decision. After receiving combat missions and target requirements from superiors, each combat unit further screens and screens battlefield target information based on the tasks and requirements at this level, and independently formulates the optimal solutions and plans at this level to maximize combat effectiveness.
Intelligent prediction of decision-making effectiveness. The intelligent auxiliary decision-making system relies on intelligent technologies such as big data, high-performance computing, and neural network algorithms to give the command and control system more advanced “brain-like” capabilities. It can think more rationally about unexpected situations on the battlefield and quickly draw relative conclusions. Objective results of the engagement.
power control mechanism
Powerful people control power because of profit. Seizing power is a key factor in gaining a winning edge in war. Artificial intelligence can “transplant” part of human intelligence into weapons, making the integration of humans and weapon systems closer and closer. In-depth human-machine integration has changed the traditional elements of power control and given new power control connotations, which can help to obtain new technologies. control advantage.
Territorial power expanded to high frontiers. In the future, highly intelligent unmanned systems will operate in extreme environments such as extreme heights, extreme distances, extreme depths, extremely low temperatures, extreme darkness, and extreme brightness, even under harsh conditions such as high temperature, extreme cold, high pressure, hypoxia, poison, and radiation. , a variety of combat missions can still be carried out, and the battle for control of the combat field and combat space extends to high frontiers, far frontiers, and deep frontiers.
Expand the right to control information to multiple means. The traditional way of seizing and controlling information power is to control the acquisition, processing, and distribution of information by attacking the enemy’s reconnaissance and early warning system and destroying its command and control system. However, information operations led by artificial intelligence use information itself as “ammunition”. ”, the means to seize the right to control information are more diverse.
Network control rights are expanded to distributed areas. The network information system built based on intelligent technology provides a ubiquitous network “cloud” to aggregate battlefield resources of various terminals and provide services. It can realize modular grouping and automatic reorganization of combat forces. Traditionally, it can achieve network outage and destruction by attacking key nodes. The purpose of the chain will be difficult to achieve, and the “decentralized” battlefield must be dealt with in an intelligent distributed attack mode.
Brain power expands to new dimensions. The gradual militarization of brain-inspired technology and simulation technology has formed a new field of games and confrontations. The focus has shifted from focusing on confrontation in the physical and information domains to more emphasis on influencing and controlling the opponent’s psychology. Technologies such as virtual reality and audio-visual synthesis can confuse fakes with real ones. “Core attack warfare” can quietly change the enemy’s command and control system algorithm, and “brain control warfare” can directly control the enemy’s decision-making. By controlling and influencing the enemy’s psychology, thinking, will, etc., it can achieve control at the minimum cost. The purpose of war and victory.
Mechanism of action
The passion of soldiers is the key to speed, taking advantage of others’ disadvantages. Taking actions that the enemy does not expect is the key to winning a war. Artificial intelligence can improve the intelligence of weapons and equipment, command and control systems, and operational decision-making, making maneuver response capabilities faster and joint strike capabilities more accurate, creating a super operational advantage.
The speed of action is “instantaneous”. The intelligent combat system can see, hear, learn, and think, effectively shortening the “OODA” cycle. Once an “opportunity is found,” it will use intelligently controlled hypersonic weapons, kinetic energy weapons, and lasers. Weapons, etc., can quickly “kill” targets from a long distance.
The action style is “unmanned”. “Unmanned + intelligence” is the future development direction of weapons and equipment. Low-cost unmanned autonomous equipment such as unmanned vehicles, drones, and unmanned underwater vehicles, with the support of the cluster autonomous decision-making system, can plan the task division of each unit according to the combat objectives, and accurately dock and autonomously combine the unmanned aerial vehicles. , covert penetration, and carry out cluster saturation attacks on the enemy.
The space for action “blurs”. In future wars, using interference means to carry out soft attacks on the enemy’s intelligent combat systems and smart weapons, and using smart weapons to delay or affect the decision-making and psychology of enemy personnel will become the key to victory. Most of these actions were completed unknowingly or silently, presenting a “blurred” state in which neither the enemy nor ourselves were visible, the boundaries between the front and the rear were unclear, and the visible and invisible were difficult to distinguish.
The operational layout is “invisible”. Intelligent command systems and weapons and equipment have bionic and stealth properties. As long as they are deployed in possible combat areas in advance during peacetime preparations or training exercises, they are lurking in advance, dormant and ready for battle. Once needed in wartime, they can be activated in a timely manner to launch a sudden attack on the enemy, which will help to quickly grasp the initiative in the war.
System mechanism
Five things and seven strategies to know the outcome. Future wars will be systematic confrontations in all fields, systems, elements, and processes. A stable and efficient combat system is the basic support for winning the war. As the application of artificial intelligence in the military field continues to expand, the combat system is becoming more and more intelligent, and a fully integrated combat system will produce powerful system advantages.
There are more means of “detection”. The intelligent combat cluster relies on the network information system to connect with various large-scale sensors, electronic warfare systems and other human-machine interaction platforms. It uses each combat unit’s own detection and sensing equipment to obtain battlefield data, leverages the self-organizing characteristics of the intelligent group, and strengthens joint operations. The real-time reconnaissance and surveillance support of the system and back-end intelligence analysis can realize full-area reconnaissance and search, joint early warning, and collaborative verification, forming a multi-dimensional integrated, full-area coverage large-area joint reconnaissance intelligence system.
The field of “control” is wider. The use of intelligent unmanned combat platforms can break through the logical limits of human thinking, the physiological limits of the senses, and the physical limits of existence, and replace humans into traditional restricted areas of life such as the deep sea, space, polar regions, and areas with strong radiation, and stay there for a long time. Implement “unconventional operations” to further expand the combat space and have the ability to continue to deter opponents in a wider area.
“Hit” is faster. With the support of the intelligent network information system, the intelligence chain, command chain, and kill chain are seamlessly connected. Information transmission speed, decision-making speed, and action speed are simultaneously accelerated. Intelligent combat units can be flexibly organized, autonomously coordinated, and struck quickly. All these make time utilization extremely efficient and battlefield reaction speed extremely fast.
The accuracy of “evaluation” is more accurate. Using intelligent technologies such as experiential interactive learning and brain-like behavioral systems, the intelligent combat assessment system can independently collect, aggregate and classify multi-means action effect assessment information, accurately perceive battlefield actions based on big data and panoramic views, and dynamically identify Combat process and correct deficiencies, predict complex battlefield changes, comprehensively plan and respond flexibly.
“Guarantee” is more efficient. The widespread application of intelligent comprehensive support systems, represented by equipment maintenance expert systems and intelligent sensing equipment, can efficiently respond to support needs in various domains, intelligently plan support resources, ensure that the “cloud” aggregates various battlefield resources, and effectively enhances the networked battlefield Comprehensive support capabilities.
(Author’s unit: Henan Provincial Military Region)
現代國語：
人工智慧技術是提升新興領域策略能力的重要支持。近年來發展迅速，在軍事領域廣泛應用。它不斷生成新的不對稱優勢，深刻改變未來戰爭的基本形態、作戰方式和勝利機制。我們應該深刻認識人工智慧革命性技術力量，準確辨識變化、科學應對、主動求變，努力探索打贏未來戰爭的辦法，在加速推進的智慧化戰爭中奪取主動權。
資訊機制
知己知彼，百戰不殆。迅速有效地掌握全方位資訊是贏得戰爭的首要前提。人工智慧可以實現戰場態勢的智慧感知、大量數據的智慧分析、多種資訊的智慧處理，可以在戰場上形成「透明」優勢。
自主實施戰場感知。透過在戰時偵察系統中嵌入智慧模組，使各類偵察節點單元實現隨機組網、動態協同、有機融合。它們能夠自主獲取全方位、多維度的戰場訊息，建構相對「透明」的數位化戰場環境和作戰態勢。它撥開戰爭的“迷霧”，全景式地呈現戰鬥場景。
海量資料精準識別。依托精準感知技術、分析辨識技術等智慧技術，對多樣化的語音、文字、圖片、視訊等數據進行精準解讀、分析、比較與整合，獲得更快、更全、更準、更深層的戰場態勢。其結果比人腦處理的速度更快、更準確。
有效響應關鍵訊息。基於作戰雲、大數據、物聯網等智慧技術群，快速挖掘大量非標準化、異質情報數據，自主發現症狀、辨識意圖、研究趨勢、尋找模式、精準應對即時。指揮官需要關鍵資訊。
同步分享整合情況。智慧控制系統能夠優化整合陸、海、空、天電網等分佈在不同空間、不同頻域的各種偵察監視系統，發揮資訊共享、統一認知的重要樞紐作用，建構基於智慧感知的體系。一張圖」與「一張圖」。 「開網」「一條鏈」的局面，使各作戰單元能夠全地域、全頻率、全時間，同步分享不同空間、不同距離、不同頻率的所需信息，實現智慧共享。
決策機制
如果丈夫還沒有戰鬥，而寺廟被認為是勝利者，那麼他必須被視為勝利者。科學準確的決策是贏得戰爭的前提。人工智慧可以進行動態戰場模擬，快速做出可行決策，大幅縮短作戰規劃和決策週期，形成決策優勢。
智能分析判斷戰略情勢。融入人工智慧技術的決策輔助系統具有資訊收集、查詢管理、資料處理、關聯分析等功能。能有效突破人的分析能力限制，最大限度實現去偽存真、關聯驗證、連結思考，自動進行敵情、我情、我勢分析。戰場環境等大數據分析可以形成相關兵力、武器裝備等比較數據，可以有效輔助作戰指揮，幫助指揮官快速做出作戰決策。
智慧選擇作戰計畫。依托智能作戰模擬系統，根據預先輸入的作戰任務和目標訊息，自動產生多套直觀的作戰方案和計劃，綜合評估其優勢、劣勢及潛在風險，選取最有利於實現了指揮官的意圖。由指揮官作出最終決定。各作戰單元接到上級作戰任務和目標要求後，依據本級任務和要求，對戰場目標資訊進行進一步甄別篩選，自主制定本級最優解決方案和預案，最大限度提高戰鬥力。
智慧預測決策的有效性。智慧輔助決策系統依賴大數據、高效能運算、神經網路演算法等智慧技術，賦予指揮控制系統更先進的「類大腦」能力。能夠更理性地思考戰場上的突發狀況，並迅速得出相關結論。參與的客觀成果。
權力控制機制
有權勢的人因為利益而控制權力。奪取政權是戰爭中取得勝利的關鍵因素。人工智慧可以將人類部分智慧「移植」到武器中，使得人與武器系統的結合越來越緊密。人機深度融合改變了傳統的動力控制要素，賦予了動力控制新的內涵，有助於獲得新的技術。控制優勢。
領土權力擴展到高地邊境。未來高度智慧的無人系統將在極高、極遠、極深、極低溫、極暗、極亮等極端環境下，甚至在高溫、極寒、高壓、缺氧、中毒和輻射。 ，多種作戰任務仍可實施，戰場和作戰空間控制權的爭奪向高邊、遠邊、深邊延伸。
將資訊控制權拓展到多種手段。奪取和控制資訊權的傳統方式是透過攻擊敵方偵察預警系統、摧毀敵方指揮控制系統來控制資訊的取得、處理和發布。然而，人工智慧主導的資訊作戰，是以資訊本身作為「彈藥」的。 ”，奪取資訊控制權的手段更加多樣化。
網路控制權擴展至分散式區域。基於智慧技術建構的網路資訊體系，提供無所不在的網路“雲”，聚合各類終端的戰場資源並提供服務。可實現作戰力量模組化編組和自動重組。傳統上它透過攻擊關鍵節點來實現網路中斷和破壞。鏈上的目的將很難實現，必須以智慧分散式的攻擊方式來應對「去中心化」的戰場。
腦力拓展至新的維度。類腦技術、模擬技術逐漸軍事化，形成了新的博弈與對抗領域。從注重身體和資訊領域的對抗，轉向更加重視影響和控制對手的心理。虛擬實境、視聽合成等技術可以使真假混淆。 「核心攻擊戰」可以悄悄改變敵人的指揮控制系統演算法，「腦控戰」則可以直接控制敵人的決策。透過控制和影響敵人的心理、思維、意誌等，以最小的代價來實現控制。戰爭的目的和勝利。
作用機制
士兵的熱情是速度的關鍵，利用別人的劣勢。採取敵方意想不到的行動是贏得戰爭的關鍵。人工智慧可以提升武器裝備、指揮控制系統、作戰決策的智慧化，讓機動反應能力更快速、聯合打擊能力更精準，打造超級作戰優勢。
作用速度是「瞬時的」。智慧作戰系統能夠看、聽、學、想，有效縮短「OODA」週期。一旦“發現機會”，它就會使用智慧控制的高超音速武器、動能武器和雷射。武器等，可以從遠距離快速「殺死」目標。
行動方式為「無人化」。 「無人化+智能化」是未來武器裝備的發展方向。無人駕駛汽車、無人機、無人潛航器等低成本無人自主裝備，在集群自主決策系統支援下，可依作戰目標規劃各單元任務分工，精準對接、自主組合無人駕駛飛行器。 、隱蔽滲透，對敵方實施集群飽和攻擊。
行動空間「模糊」。未來戰爭中，利用乾擾手段對敵方智慧作戰系統和智慧武器實施軟攻擊，利用智慧武器延緩或影響敵方人員的決策和心理，將成為勝利的關鍵。這些動作大多是在不知不覺中或默默無聞地完成的，呈現出一種「模糊」的狀態，雙方都沒有意識到。無論是敵人還是自己，都是看不見的，前方與後方的界線不清，看得見與看不見的難以區分。
作戰佈局「隱形」。智慧指揮系統和武器裝備具有仿生、隱身性能。只要在平時準備或訓練演習中，提前部署到可能的作戰區域，就是提前潛伏，蟄伏，隨時準備戰鬥。一旦戰爭需要，可以及時投入使用，對敵人發動突襲，有利於迅速掌握戰爭主動權。
系統機制
五件事和七種策略可知結果。未來戰爭將是各領域、各體系、各要素、各過程的系統對抗。穩定、有效率的作戰體係是打贏戰爭的基礎支撐。隨著人工智慧在軍事領域應用範圍不斷拓展，作戰體系智慧化程度越來越高，全面整合的作戰體系將產生強大的體系優勢。
「檢測」的手段還有很多。智慧作戰集群依托網路資訊體系，連結各類大型感測器、電子戰系統及其他的人機互動平台。它利用各作戰單元本身的探測感測設備取得戰場數據，發揮智慧群體自組織特點，加強聯合作戰。透過系統性的即時偵察監視保障和後端情報分析，可實現全域偵察搜尋、聯合預警、協同核查，形成多維度一體化、全域覆蓋的大區域聯合偵察情報系統。
「控制」的領域更加廣泛。利用智慧無人作戰平台，可以突破人類思維的邏輯極限、感官的生理極限、生存的物理極限，取代人類進入深海、太空、極地等傳統生命禁區。實施“非常規作戰”，進一步拓展作戰空間，具備在更廣闊區域持續威懾對手的能力。
「打」得更快。在智慧化網路資訊系統支援下，情報鏈、指揮鏈、殺傷鏈無縫銜接。訊息傳遞速度、決策速度、行動速度同步加快。智慧作戰部隊能夠靈活組織、自主協同、快速出擊。這些使得時間利用率極高，戰場反應速度極快。
「評價」的準確性更加準確。智慧作戰評估系統利用體驗式互動學習、類腦行為系統等智慧技術，自主採集、聚合、分類多手段行動效果評估信息，基於大數據和全景視圖精準感知戰場行動，動態識別戰場態勢，實現戰場態勢感知與決策支撐。
「保」更有效率。以裝備維修專家系統、智慧感知裝備為代表的智慧化綜合保障系統的廣泛應用，能有效率地回應各領域保障需求，智慧規劃保障資源，確保「雲端」聚合各類戰場資源，有效提升保障水準。化戰場綜合保障能力。
（作者單位：河南省軍區）
中國原創軍事資源：
