人工智慧正在推動中國戰爭發生深刻變化
現代英語：
In recent years, with the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology and its widespread application in the military field, the form of war and combat style have been constantly changing. Some foreign academic articles believe that artificial intelligence is reshaping the form of combat forces, enhancing the effectiveness of combat systems, improving the effectiveness of combat command, and improving the quality of combat coordination, promoting profound changes in combat activities.
Reshaping the combat force
These academic articles point out that combat forces are mainly composed of combat personnel, weapons and equipment, and organizational structures, and are undergoing tremendous changes under the influence of artificial intelligence technology.
From the perspective of personnel structure, with the widespread application of artificial intelligence technology and related equipment systems in the military field, the demand for professionals with the ability to develop, manage, use and maintain artificial intelligence technology has increased significantly, and the proportion of technical personnel in combat forces will continue to increase. Frontline combat personnel are no longer just direct operators of weapons, but are gradually transforming into battlefield monitors, system commanders and key decision makers in human-machine collaborative operations, and the requirements for their scientific and technological literacy and information processing capabilities have been greatly improved.
From the perspective of the equipment system, intelligent weapons and equipment such as drones, unmanned combat vehicles, and intelligent missiles will appear in large numbers and become an important part of the equipment system. These equipment are highly accurate and flexible, with stronger autonomous combat capabilities, and can independently complete tasks such as reconnaissance and strikes, greatly changing the traditional equipment structure and combat mode. In addition, traditional weapons and equipment will also accelerate intelligent transformation by adding intelligent sensors, communication modules, and automatic control systems, so as to have the ability to interconnect and cooperate with artificial intelligence systems. For example, old tanks can be upgraded and transformed to realize functions such as automatic driving, automatic aiming, and intelligent ammunition loading, thereby improving overall combat effectiveness.
From the perspective of combat unit formation, unmanned combat systems will gradually develop from auxiliary combat forces to independent combat units and organize them, relying on their unique advantages in high-risk and high-intensity combat environments. Research reports from some think tanks in Western countries believe that drone swarm combat forces and unmanned combat vehicle battalions will become common combat formations, which can complete a variety of tasks such as reconnaissance and surveillance, intelligence analysis, and firepower strikes. In order to give full play to the respective advantages of artificial intelligence and human warriors, human-machine mixed formations will also become the main form of future combat forces. In this formation, human warriors and intelligent weapons and equipment work closely together to complete combat missions.
Enhance combat system effectiveness
Judging from the evolution trend, intelligent technology will integrate unmanned equipment across domains and empower traditional combat platforms, and will become the “enabler” of future system warfare.
At present, many military experts in Western countries believe that artificial intelligence can conduct a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of various elements of the combat system, identify weak links and optimization space in the system, and provide a scientific basis for the construction and adjustment of the combat system. By optimizing the structure and function of the combat system, the overall effectiveness and stability of the combat system can be improved, making it more competitive when facing a changing battlefield environment and a powerful combat system.
During the combat process, artificial intelligence can analyze the combat systems of both sides in real time, predict the opponent’s possible actions and weaknesses, propose targeted system confrontation strategies, and continuously adjust and optimize according to the actual situation in the combat process to achieve efficient operation of one’s own combat system and improve the quality and effectiveness of combat system confrontation.
Western militaries believe that based on the advantages of artificial intelligence empowerment, they can greatly enhance security risk defense capabilities. By automatically predicting, identifying, discovering, and handling complex security risks, they can autonomously protect personnel, equipment, and materials from various attacks, improve all-domain and all-round defense capabilities, and ensure the safety and stability of the combat system.
Improving combat command effectiveness
At present, artificial intelligence has been deeply integrated into all aspects of combat command, affecting the external manifestations and main activities of combat command. Human-machine intelligent fusion control supported by artificial intelligence technology will become the basic form of combat action control.
Some foreign research institutions have found that artificial intelligence systems can quickly analyze the situation based on real-time battlefield situations and a large amount of historical data, generate multiple combat plans, and timely deduce and evaluate plans, adjust and optimize actions, provide commanders with more scientific and reasonable decision-making suggestions, and efficiently guide the execution of plans, so that combat planning can keep up with the rapidly changing battlefield rhythm. Especially when facing rapidly changing battlefield situations, it can help commanders make accurate judgments more quickly.
With the continuous development of artificial intelligence technology, some intelligent combat systems have a certain degree of autonomous decision-making capabilities. In certain situations, such as facing sudden threats or the temporary appearance of fighter jets, combat command systems assisted by artificial intelligence can make decisions and take actions autonomously within the preset rules and authority range, shorten the decision-making chain, and improve the response speed and flexibility of combat. When the combat terminal has stronger intelligent autonomy, it can even realize the self-generation, self-evaluation, and self-adjustment of combat plans, breaking through the limitations of human reaction capabilities and forming a more adaptive combat command.
Many experiments have proved that based on the accumulation of massive combat data and the enhancement of big data analysis technology, artificial intelligence technology can accurately calculate the entire process of combat planning under simulation conditions, helping commanders to accurately analyze the situation in advance, comprehensively judge trends, and reasonably plan trends. Then, through combat simulation, simulation and deduction, etc., it can virtually carry out activities such as calculation of combat force requirements and optimization of tactics and actions. In the planning process, it can scientifically and dynamically adjust combat plan strategies to form the best option, provide more reliable reference basis for combat command, and improve the accuracy of command and control.
Improve the quality of combat coordination
As artificial intelligence technology is deeply integrated into the combat system, the responsiveness of various combat elements on the battlefield continues to improve, the response time is gradually shortened, the adaptability level is gradually enhanced, and the quality of combat coordination is continuously improved.
Some military experts in Western countries believe that the battlefield of the future will be cross-domain, networked, and nonlinear. Artificial intelligence can break the boundaries between various combat domains and combat elements through efficient algorithms, making the coordination between different combat forces closer and more efficient. Based on artificial intelligence technology, autonomous coordination and cooperation between manned and unmanned combat forces can be achieved, so that manned and unmanned combat forces can complement each other and complement each other, significantly improving combat effectiveness. Moreover, the application of unmanned combat systems is becoming more and more extensive. Artificial intelligence technology can perform cluster control and collaborative management of a large number of unmanned combat platforms, achieve efficient coordination and task allocation between them, and improve the overall effectiveness and safety of unmanned combat.
China Military Network Ministry of National Defense Network
Tuesday , February 11, 2025
現代國語：
黃永剛
近年來，隨著人工智能技術的迅猛發展及其在軍事領域的廣泛運用，戰爭形態和作戰樣式不斷發生嬗變。國外一些學術文章認為，人工智能正在重塑作戰力量形態、增強作戰體系效能、提升作戰指揮實效、提高作戰協同質量，推動作戰活動發生深刻變化。
重塑作戰力量形態
這些學術文章指出，作戰力量主要由作戰人員、武器裝備及編組方式等整體構成，受人工智能技術影響，正發生著巨大變化。
從人員結構上看，隨著人工智能技術及相關裝備系統在軍事領域的廣泛應用，對具備人工智能技術研發、管理、使用和維護能力的專業人才需求大幅上升，技術人員在作戰力量中的佔比將不斷提高。一線作戰人員不再只是武器的直接操作者，而是逐漸向戰場監控者、系統指揮員和人機協同作戰中的關鍵決策者轉變，對其科技素養和信息處理能力的要求大大提高。
從裝備體系上看，無人機、無人戰車、智能導彈等智能武器裝備將大量出現，並成為裝備體系的重要組成部分。這些裝備具有高度的精確性和靈活性，自主作戰能力更強，能夠獨立完成偵察、打擊等任務，極大地改變了傳統的裝備結構和作戰模式。此外，傳統武器裝備也將通過加裝智能傳感器、通信模塊和自動控制系統等，加速進行智能化改造，以具備與人工智能系統互聯互通和協同作戰的能力。如老式坦克通過升級改造，可以實現自動駕駛、自動瞄准和智能彈藥裝填等功能，提升整體作戰效能。
從作戰單元編成上看，無人作戰系統憑借其在高風險、高強度作戰環境中的獨特優勢，將逐漸從輔助作戰力量發展為獨立的作戰單元並進行編組。西方國家一些智庫的研究報告認為，無人機集群作戰部隊、無人戰車營等將成為常見的作戰編制，它們可以完成偵察監視、情報分析、火力打擊等多種任務。為了充分發揮人工智能與人類戰士的各自優勢，人機混合編隊也將成為未來作戰力量的主要編成形式。在這種編隊中，人類戰士與智能武器裝備緊密配合，共同完成作戰任務。
增強作戰體系效能
從演進趨勢看，智能化技術跨域集成無人裝備、賦能傳統作戰平台，將成為未來體系作戰的“賦能器”。
目前，西方國家很多軍事專家認為，人工智能可以對作戰體系的各個要素進行全面分析和評估，找出體系中的薄弱環節和優化空間，為作戰體系的建設和調整提供科學依據。通過優化作戰體系的結構和功能，可以提高作戰體系的整體效能和穩定性，使其在面對多變戰場環境和強大作戰體系時更具競爭力。
在作戰過程中，人工智能可實時分析作戰雙方的作戰體系，預測對方的可能行動和薄弱點，提出針對性的體系對抗策略，並根據作戰過程中的實際情況不斷調整和優化，以實現己方作戰體系的高效運行，提升作戰體系對抗質效。
西方國家軍隊認為，基於人工智能賦能優勢，可以大大增強安全風險防御能力，通過自動預測、識別、發現、處置復雜安全風險，自主化保護人員、裝備、物資免受各類攻擊，能夠提升全領域、全方位防衛能力，確保作戰體系的安全性和穩定性。
提升作戰指揮實效
當前，人工智能已深度融入作戰指揮的各個環節，影響著作戰指揮的外在表現形式及主要活動方式。人工智能技術支撐下的人機智聯融合控制，將成為作戰行動控制的基本形態。
國外一些研究機構發現，人工智能系統可以根據實時戰場態勢和大量歷史數據，快速分析態勢，生成多種作戰方案，並及時推演評估方案、調整優化行動，為指揮員提供更科學合理的決策建議，高效指導計劃執行，讓作戰籌劃跟上快速變化的戰場節奏。尤其是在面對瞬息萬變的戰場情況時，能夠幫助指揮員更快地作出准確判斷。
隨著人工智能技術的不斷發展，一些智能作戰系統具備了一定的自主決策能力。在特定情況下，如面對突發的威脅或臨時出現的戰機，基於人工智能輔助的作戰指揮系統可以在預設的規則和權限范圍內，自主作出決策並采取行動，縮短決策鏈路，提高作戰的反應速度和靈活性。當作戰末端具備更強智能自主能力時，甚至可以實現作戰方案自生成、自評估、自調整，突破人的反應能力局限，形成更具適應性的作戰指揮。
很多實驗證明，基於海量作戰數據的積累和大數據分析技術的增強，人工智能技術可在模擬條件下對作戰籌劃全程進行精確計算，助力指揮員預先精准分析態勢、綜合研判趨勢、合理規劃走勢，進而通過作戰仿真、模擬推演等方式，虛擬開展參戰力量需求計算、戰法行動優化優選等活動，進而在籌劃過程中科學動態調整作戰方案策略，形成最佳選項，為作戰指揮提供更可靠的參考依據，提升指揮控制精確性。
提高作戰協同質量
隨著人工智能技術深度融入作戰體系，各作戰要素在戰場上的反應能力不斷提高，響應時間逐步縮短，適應水平日漸增強，作戰協同質量不斷提升。
西方國家一些軍事專家認為，未來戰場將呈現跨域、網絡化、非線性等特點，人工智能可以通過高效的算法，打破各作戰域、各作戰要素之間的界限，使不同作戰力量之間的協同更加緊密和高效。基於人工智能技術，可實現有人無人作戰力量編組之間的自主協同配合，使得有人無人作戰力量相互補充、相得益彰，顯著提升作戰效能。而且，無人作戰系統的應用越來越廣泛，人工智能技術可以對大量無人作戰平台進行集群控制和協同管理，實現它們之間的高效配合和任務分配，提高無人作戰的整體效能和安全性。
中國軍網 國防部網
2025年2月11日，星期二