解析中國軍隊智能化戰爭新趨勢
現代英語：
Modern warfare practice has proved that high-tech has become the core combat power and has promoted the rapid advancement of warfare towards intelligence. Especially under the guidance of new technologies such as big data, the Internet of Things, and artificial intelligence, and supported by algorithms and computing power technologies, the degree of military intelligence is gradually deepening, and the characteristics of intelligent battlefield warfare are becoming more and more apparent.
The combat space is developing towards full-domain multi-dimensional integration
The widespread application of artificial intelligence technology in the military field will integrate combat units distributed in different battlefield spaces, accelerate the expansion of combat space, cross-domain linkage, and simultaneously exert efforts in multi-dimensional battlefield space and focus on multiple combat capabilities at the same time, so as to achieve precise energy concentration and release in the entire domain.
The pan-connection of data cloud networks has expanded the combat space in the information domain. With the development of new-generation information technologies such as big data and cloud computing, information domain operations will penetrate various combat spaces, and modular combat units dispersed in space will be connected into a decentralized distributed combat system. When combat missions change or certain nodes are damaged, by adding new nodes or upgrading other nodes, the original combat functions can be maintained or new combat functions can be formed. Relying on information infrastructure, the combat system presents the characteristics of distribution, self-organization, and self-synchronization, which greatly improves the reliability, anti-destruction, and flexibility of the combat system. The combat system has developed from a task-based, static-oriented direction to a capability-based, dynamic-oriented direction.
Intelligent weapons and equipment expand the physical domain combat space. With the development and application of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, autonomous control, and the Internet of Things, weapons and equipment are becoming more and more intelligent, more powerful, and more widely used. The battlefield of intelligent combat has expanded from traditional land, sea, and air to near-space, polar regions, deep space, deep sea, and underground.
The human brain and computer complement each other to expand the cognitive domain space. With the integrated development of artificial intelligence and cognitive science, human brain intelligence and artificial intelligence promote each other, which can realize the complementary advantages of human brain logical thinking and computer high-speed computing. In intelligent warfare, the cognitive domain combat space will become the main battlefield, and “brain control” and “brain control” will become the focus of future wars.
Combat forces are developing towards mixed human-machine formations
In intelligent warfare, new types of unmanned combat forces will become the main combat force and a new growth point for the military’s combat effectiveness. New types of unmanned combat forces such as space, network, electromagnetic and intelligent ammunition will directly participate in combat, achieving a seamless link from strategy to tactics, and forming a multi-dimensional, all-domain attack and defense, and rapid assault overall force.
Combat force formations are organized in a variety of styles. Human-machine mixed formations. According to different tasks, combined with unmanned combat forces with different functions, reasonable human-machine formations are carried out to give full play to human subjective initiative on the one hand, and the special functions of unmanned combat forces on the other hand, so as to achieve the best combination to achieve combat objectives. Autonomous formation of unmanned forces. In intelligent warfare, unmanned tactical units, as the smallest combat units, can autonomously form combat groups or teams according to combat mission requirements to attack or defend targets. They can also automatically coordinate and cooperate according to changes in battlefield environment and tasks to ensure the achievement of unified combat objectives.
Combat command develops towards autonomous intelligence
In intelligent warfare, the application of high-tech in the military field with artificial intelligence as the core has had a profound impact on combat command and even triggered disruptive changes.
Command information acquisition is more autonomous. The sensor platform of the intelligent battlefield can implement intelligent fusion processing of multi-source intelligence with “large volume, multiple types, fast transmission speed and low value density”, obtain valuable data from massive data, and automatically transmit it to the command and control center to provide information support for commanders’ decision-making.
Human-machine collaboration in command and decision-making. In intelligent warfare, the use of intelligent robot systems to assist in decision-making has greatly reduced the burden on commanders, freeing them from heavy tasks and allowing them to concentrate on studying operations and command. They can hand over some tedious intelligence information judgment, identification and disposal work to artificial intelligence-assisted decision-making systems, giving full play to the role of human-machine integration, reasonable division of labor and mutual complementation, greatly improving the commanders’ command efficiency.
Dynamic planning. An intelligent system based on artificial intelligence technology and intelligent human-machine interface technology can speed up the pace of updating battlefield dynamic information and quickly propose suggestions for adjusting and improving plans, which will help commanders update mission plans in a timely manner and improve the troops’ ability to act quickly.
Agile control response. With the support of artificial intelligence technology and sensor technology, the ability of intelligent control of troops will be further improved in the future. Specifically, intelligent weapons and equipment can use sensors similar to human vision and hearing to track and detect targets, and process the information obtained and provided by the command information system through computers similar to the human brain, so as to achieve autonomous analysis, identification, judgment, and make corresponding decisions, thereby regulating the attack on the target.
Combat equipment is becoming more intelligent
With the widespread use of artificial intelligence technology in the field of military equipment, intelligent combat platforms and systems, intelligent ammunition and intelligent weapons and equipment have been successively equipped in the army. Combat equipment will develop from manned equipment as the main and unmanned equipment as the auxiliary to manned/unmanned equipment coordination and unmanned equipment as the main direction. UAVs, unmanned combat vehicles, unmanned ships, unmanned spacecraft, military robots and intelligent individual systems will become the main force of intelligent combat. They have good combat performance, fast response speed, strong mobility and high combat accuracy, which plays a key role in seizing the initiative in war and even affects the entire war process.
The entire process of technological infiltration war
Intelligent warfare in modern warfare is supported by Internet technology, unmanned technology, data processing and prediction technology, target recognition and search technology, and artificial intelligence technology. Various high-tech platforms and systems are increasingly likely to replace human actions in various combat links such as intelligence reconnaissance, efficient command, precise action, and comprehensive support in war. These intelligent combat platforms or systems also have super computing, recognition, and autonomous control capabilities, especially the ability to complete urgent, difficult, and dangerous tasks under harsh conditions that are difficult for humans to complete. This trend is attracting more and more interest and investment from military powers.
Yue Guiyun Cheng Cimin Li Qinan
現代國語：
中國軍網 國防部網
2022年6月7日 星期二
現代戰爭實踐證明，高新科技已成為核心戰鬥力，並推動戰爭形態向智慧化快速邁進。尤其在大數據、物聯網、人工智慧等新技術的牽引下，在演算法和算力技術的支撐下，軍事智慧化程度正逐漸加深，戰場智慧化作戰特徵越發顯現。
作戰空間朝向全局多維融合發展
人工智慧技術在軍事領域的廣泛應用，將分佈在不同戰場空間的作戰單元融為一體，促使作戰空間加速拓展、跨域聯動，多維戰場空間同時發力，多種作戰能力同時聚焦，可達成全局精確聚能釋能。
資料雲網路泛聯拓展了資訊域作戰空間。隨著大數據、雲端運算等新一代資訊技術的發展，資訊域作戰將滲透各個作戰空間，空間上分散的模組化作戰單元將連結為無中心的分散式作戰體系，在作戰任務變化或某些節點受損的情況下，透過加入新節點或升級其他節點，可實現維持原作戰功能或形成新的作戰功能。依托資訊基礎設施，作戰體系呈現分散式、自組織、自同步的特徵，大大提高了作戰體系的可靠性、抗毀性、靈活性，作戰體系從基於任務、面向靜態向基於能力、面向動態的方向發展。
智慧化武器裝備拓展物理域作戰空間。隨著人工智慧、大數據、自主控制、物聯網等先進技術的發展及轉換應用，武器裝備的智慧化程度越來越高，功能越來越強，應用範圍越來越廣，智慧化作戰戰場由傳統的陸、海、空等向臨近空間、極地、深空、深海、地下等領域拓展。
人腦與電腦互補拓展認知域空間。隨著人工智慧與認知科學的融合發展，人腦智慧與人工智慧相互促進，可實現人腦邏輯思維與電腦高速運算的優勢互補，在智慧化戰爭中，認知域作戰空間將成為主戰場，「腦控」與「控腦」將成為未來戰爭爭奪焦點。
作戰力量向人機混合編組方向發展
在智慧化戰爭中，新質無人作戰力量將成為主戰力量，是軍隊戰鬥力新的成長點。太空、網路、電磁和智慧彈藥等新質無人作戰力量直接參與作戰，將實現從戰略到戰術的無縫鏈接，形成多維一體、全局攻防、快速突擊的整體合力。
作戰力量編成呈多種樣式。人機混合編組。根據不同的任務，結合不同功能的無人作戰力量，合理進行人機編組，一方面充分發揮人的主觀能動性，另一方面發揮無人作戰力量的特殊功能，以實現最佳組合達成作戰目的。無人力量自主編組。在智慧化戰爭中，無人戰術單元作為最小作戰單元，能夠根據作戰任務需求自主編成作戰群或隊，對目標進行攻擊或防禦，也可根據戰場環境和任務的變化，自動協同配合，確保達成統一的作戰目的。
作戰指揮向自主智能發展
在智慧化戰爭中，以人工智慧為核心的高新技術在軍事領域的應用，對作戰指揮造成了深刻影響，甚至引發顛覆性變化。
指揮資訊獲取更加自主。智慧化戰場的感測器平台可以對「體量大、類型多、傳輸速度快、價值密度低」的多源情報實施智慧化融合處理，從海量數據中獲取有價值數據，並自動傳輸到指揮控制中心，為指揮官決策提供資訊支援。
指揮決策人機協同。在智能化戰爭中，智能機器人系統輔助決策功能的運用，大大減輕了指揮員的負擔，使指揮員從繁重的事務中解脫出來，集中精力研究作戰、研究指揮，把一些繁瑣的情報信息判斷、甄別與處置工作，交給人工智能輔助決策系統來處理，充分發揮人機結合、合理分工、相互補充的作用，大大提高了指揮員的指揮效率。
規劃動態生成。基於人工智慧技術、智慧人機介面技術的智慧化系統，能加速戰場動態資訊更新節奏，快速提出對計畫進行調整完善的建議，有助於指揮官及時更新任務規劃，提升部隊快速行動能力。
控制響應敏捷。在人工智慧技術、感測器技術支援下，未來智慧化調控部隊的能力將進一步提升。具體體現在：智慧化武器裝備能夠利用類似人的視覺、聽覺等的感測器，對目標進行追蹤探測，將獲取資訊與指揮資訊系統提供的資訊透過類似人腦的電腦進行處理，實現自主分析、辨識、判斷，並做出相應的決策，進而調控對目標的攻擊行動。
作戰裝備智能化程度加深
隨著人工智慧技術在軍事裝備領域廣泛運用，智慧化作戰平台和系統、智慧彈藥和智慧化武器裝備等陸續列裝部隊，作戰裝備將由有人裝備為主、無人裝備為輔，向有人/無人裝備協同和以無人裝備為主方向發展，無人機、無人戰車、無人客艦力量、無人太空船、軍用機器人和機器系統將成為主要力量的主要力量。它們具有良好的作戰性能，反應速度快、機動能力強、作戰精度高，對奪取戰爭主動權起著關鍵作用，甚至影響整個戰爭進程。
科技滲透戰爭全過程
現代戰爭智能化作戰在互聯網技術、無人技術、資料處理與預測技術、目標識別與搜索技術以及人工智能技術支撐下，各類高科技平台和系統越來越可能代替人在戰爭中情報偵察、高效指揮、精確行動和綜合保障等各個作戰環節中的行動。這些智慧化作戰平台或系統同時具有超強的運算、辨識與自主控制能力，特別是能完成人難以完成的惡劣條件下的急難險重任務，這一趨勢正引起各軍事強國越來越多的興趣與投入。
岳贵云 成次敏 李奇男
中國原創軍事資源：http://www.81.cn/jfjbmap/content/2022-06/07/content_317172888.htm