科學認識新中國軍隊素質戰鬥力的“創新”
來源:中國軍網-解放軍報 作者:何睿潔 責任編輯:尚曉敏 發布:2024-08-22 07:02
現代英語:
A deep understanding of the background, technical vision, tactics support and generation chain of new-quality combat power is a necessary prerequisite for building a new-quality combat power growth pole and promoting the construction of new-quality combat power in new domains. New-quality combat power is an overall capability that integrates comprehensive perception, real-time command and control, precise strike, full maintenance and protection, and focused support. It is concentrated in the “six new” aspects, namely new trends, new technologies, new equipment, new systems, new tactics, and new talents, representing a fundamental change in the form of war and the way of fighting.
New trends. The accelerated advancement of the world’s new military revolution covers all areas of war and the entire process of army building. Comprehensively understanding, actively adapting to, and proactively embracing the new military reforms are crucial to accelerating the effective supply of new-quality combat power. New-domain and new-quality combat power is a weather vane of military development in an era, a new growth point for military combat power, and a commanding height on the battlefield of the future. Judging from the recent local wars and military operations in the world, new domains and new types of combat forces represented by strategic early warning, information control, algorithmic attack and defense, and unmanned intelligence are increasingly becoming key factors in accelerating the escalation of war forms and changing the rules of war. The combat power structure has changed from the traditional one based on manpower, firepower, and mobility to one based on information power, structural power, and intelligence power. These have put forward new requirements for the development of new types of combat power and pointed out new directions. The development of new types of combat power should not be delayed, and we cannot wait passively. We must be proactive, take the initiative, and fight proactively, otherwise we will miss the opportunity and even have a generation gap.
New technologies. Science and technology have always been the most active and revolutionary factors in military development. At present, new technologies in the military field cover multiple fields such as information technology, artificial intelligence, big data, blockchain, and cloud computing. The role of new technologies is not only reflected in improving the performance of a single weapon and equipment, but more importantly, it can integrate combat platforms and optimize the killing network, making battlefield information acquisition, transmission, and processing faster and more accurate, greatly improving the performance and intelligence level of weapons and equipment, and providing strong support for battlefield perception, command decision-making, coordinated operations, and system victory. Take artificial intelligence technology as an example. It can achieve real-time perception and advance prediction of battlefield situations through machine learning and big data analysis, effectively improving decision-making flexibility, battlefield control and combat success rate. Looking to the future, the development of new technologies will have a profound impact on the construction of weapons and equipment, innovation of combat styles, adjustment of organizational systems and the evolution of war forms, thereby accelerating the formation of new quality combat power with new principles and mechanisms.
New equipment. The innovation drive of military technology not only updates the types and performance of weapons and equipment, but also creates conditions for the emergence of new concept weapons in the future, greatly activating the supply side of new quality combat power. New equipment provides more diverse and more efficient means of operation for modern warfare. Compared with traditional equipment, new equipment has stronger information acquisition and processing capabilities. Advanced reconnaissance satellites and drones can obtain battlefield information in real time, providing commanders with accurate and timely intelligence support. High-performance computer systems and big data analysis technology also make information processing more efficient and accurate. New equipment has higher strike accuracy and efficiency. New equipment such as precision-guided weapons and smart ammunition can accurately identify targets, achieve precise strikes, and minimize collateral damage. New equipment has stronger battlefield survivability. The application of new protective equipment can reduce the probability of being detected and attacked by the enemy, ensure the safety of combat personnel and equipment, and effectively improve battlefield survivability. As the carrier of new technology, new equipment is the key to achieving a leap in new quality combat power.
New system. The new system is an innovation and reform of the military organizational structure to adapt to the needs of new quality combat power under the new war situation and technological background. Compared with the traditional system, the new system has distinct characteristics such as flatness, coordination, and adaptability. The flat structure of the new system breaks the traditional hierarchical organizational structure, reduces the level of information transmission, and improves decision-making efficiency and response speed; the new system strengthens cross-departmental coordination, and maximizes combat power through information sharing and resource integration among different departments; the new system has higher adaptability and can be quickly adjusted according to the war situation and combat needs, so as to better adapt to the complex and changing battlefield environment. As an important generation platform for new quality combat power, the new system plays an important supporting role in improving combat effectiveness and adaptability.
New tactics. New tactics refer to innovative and effective combat methods that adapt to new technologies and new equipment in the context of modern warfare. With the breakthrough of artificial intelligence technology, the “mast” of military intelligence has appeared on the “sea level” of the development of tactics. New tactics include the use of new tactics such as information warfare, psychological warfare, and public opinion warfare to achieve multi-domain deployment and full-dimensional offense and defense of battlefield situations; the use of new combat methods such as distributed operations and stealth operations to achieve the concealment and suddenness of combat actions; and the use of new combat modes such as joint operations and system operations to integrate and optimize combat forces. Compared with traditional tactics, new tactics have achieved innovations in strategy and tactics by using new technologies and new equipment. By optimizing operational processes and resource allocation, and focusing on flexible adjustment of strategy and tactics according to actual conditions, they can adapt to the ever-changing battlefield environment. The application of new tactics will promote the development of war in the direction of informatization and intelligence. Only by constantly adjusting and optimizing organizational structures and using new tactics to improve rapid response and coordinated combat capabilities can we be invincible in future wars.
New talents. Under the conditions of informatization and intelligence, military talents need to have higher information literacy, innovation ability and unity and cooperation ability to adapt to the needs of modern warfare. New talents should have comprehensive military theoretical knowledge and practical skills, and be proficient in modern weapons and equipment, so as to effectively deal with complex battlefield environments; they should have innovative thinking and the ability to solve difficult and blocked problems, be able to flexibly deal with various emergencies in war, and come up with effective combat plans to solve difficulties; they should have good unity and cooperation capabilities, and be able to communicate effectively with other parties, so as to form a good situation in which one party proposes coordination needs and the other parties actively cooperate. Therefore, we must regard the cultivation of new-domain and new-quality combat force talents as a long-term strategic project, strengthen demand guidance, optimize the training model, focus on shortcomings and weaknesses, implement classified incubation, strengthen practical experience, and scientifically regulate and use them.
The “six new” elements of new quality combat capability are interrelated and mutually reinforcing, and together they constitute a growth system for new quality combat capability. With the continuous advancement of science and technology and the accelerated evolution of the war situation, the connotation and extension of the “six new” elements will continue to expand and deepen, and new quality combat capability will become a key force in shaping future wars.
(Author’s unit: Air Force Engineering University)
現代國語:
何睿潔
深刻理解新質戰鬥力的產生背景、技術視野、戰法支撐和生成鏈路,是打造新質戰鬥力增長極,推進新域新質作戰力量建設的必要前提。新質戰鬥力是集綜合感知、即時指控、精確打擊、全維防護、聚焦保障於一體的整體能力,集中體現在「六新」上,即新趨勢、新技術、新裝備、新體制、新戰法、新人才,代表戰爭形態和作戰方式的根本變革。
新趨勢。世界新軍事革命的加速推進,涵蓋了戰爭和軍隊建設的各領域全過程,全面認識、積極適應、主動擁抱新軍事變革,對加速新質戰鬥力有效供給至關重要。新域新質作戰力量是一個時代軍事發展的風向標,是軍隊戰鬥力新的成長點、未來戰場的製高點。從世界近幾場局部戰爭和軍事行動看,以戰略預警、資訊控制、演算法攻防、無人智慧等為代表的新域新質作戰力量,日益成為加速戰爭形態升級、改變戰爭規則的關鍵性因素,戰鬥力結構從傳統的以兵力、火力、機動力為主,向以資訊力、結構力、智能力為主轉變,這些都給發展新質戰鬥力提出了新要求,也指出了新方向。發展新質戰鬥力事不宜遲,不能消極等待,必須積極主動,下好先手棋,打好主動仗,否則就會錯失良機,甚至出現代差。
新技術。科學技術歷來都是軍事發展中最活躍、最具革命性的因素。當前,軍事領域新技術涵蓋了資訊技術、人工智慧、大數據、區塊鏈、雲端計算等多個領域。新技術的作用不但體現在提升單一武器裝備的性能上,更重要的是它能夠整合作戰平台、優化殺傷網,使得戰場資訊獲取、傳輸、處理更加迅速準確,極大地提升了武器裝備的性能和智慧化水平,為戰場感知、指揮決策、協同作戰、體系製勝提供了強有力的支撐。以人工智慧技術為例,它能夠透過機器學習和大數據分析等技術手段,實現對戰場態勢的即時感知、超前預測,有效提高了決策彈性、戰場把控力和作戰制勝率。展望未來,新技術的發展將對武器裝備建設、作戰樣式創新、編制體制調整和戰爭形態演進產生深刻影響,從而加速形成具有新原理、新機理的新質戰鬥力。
新裝備。軍事科技的創新驅動,不但使武器裝備的種類和性能更新換代,也為未來新概念武器的出場創造條件,極大地激活了新質戰鬥力的供給側。新裝備為現代戰爭提供了更多樣、更有效率的作戰手段。與傳統裝備相比,新裝備資訊獲取與處理能力更強,先進的偵察衛星、無人機等能夠實時獲取戰場信息,為指揮員提供準確、及時的情報支持,高性能的計算機系統和大數據分析技術也使資訊處理更有效率、精確;新裝備打擊精準度與效率更高,精確制導武器、智慧彈藥等新裝備,能夠準確識別目標,實現精確打擊,最大限度地減少附帶損傷;新裝備戰場生存能力更強,新型防護裝備的應用,能夠降低被敵方探測和攻擊的機率,保障作戰人員和裝備的安全,有效提升戰場生存能力。新裝備作為新技術的載體,是實現新質戰鬥力躍升的關鍵。
新體制。新體制是在新的戰爭形態和科技背景下,為適應新質戰鬥力的需要而進行的軍事組織結構創新與變革。與傳統體制相比,新體制具有扁平化、協同性、適配性等鮮明特性。新體制的扁平化結構打破了傳統的層級組織結構,減少了資訊傳遞的層級,提高了決策效率和回應速度;新體制加強了跨部門協同,透過不同部門的資訊共享、資源整合,實現了戰鬥力的最大化;新體制具有更高的適配性,能夠根據戰爭形態和作戰需求進行快速調整,從而更好適應複雜多變的戰場環境。新體製作為新質戰鬥力的重要生成平台,對提升戰鬥效能和適應能力有重要支撐作用。
新戰法。新戰法是指在現代戰爭背景下,適應新技術、新裝備而形成的具有創新性和實效性的作戰方法。隨著人工智慧技術的突破,軍事智慧化的「桅桿」已經出現在戰法發展的「海平面」上。新戰法包括運用資訊戰、心理戰、輿論戰等新型戰法手段,實現戰場態勢的多域展開、全維攻防;運用分散式作戰、隱身作戰等新型作戰方式,實現作戰行動的隱蔽性和突然性;運用聯合作戰、體係作戰等新型作戰模式,整合及優化作戰力量。與傳統戰法相比,新戰法透過運用新技術和新裝備,實現了戰略和戰術層面的創新;透過優化作戰流程和資源配置,注重根據實際情況靈活調整戰略和戰術,能夠適應不斷變化的戰場環境。新戰法的應用將推動戰爭形態朝向資訊化、智慧化方向發展。只有不斷調整和優化組織結構,運用新戰法提升快速反應和協同作戰能力,才能在未來戰爭中立於不敗之地。
新人才。在資訊化智能化條件下,軍事人才需要具備更高的資訊素養、創新能力和團結協作能力,以適應現代戰爭的需求。新人才應具備全面的軍事理論知識和實戰技能,熟練掌握現代武器裝備,從而有效應對復雜的戰場環境;應具備創新思維和破解難點堵點問題的能力,能夠在戰爭中靈活應對各種突發情況,拿出有效的作戰方案破解困局;應具備良好的團結協作能力,能夠與其他各方有效溝通,從而形成一方提出協調需求、其餘各方積極配合的良好局面。因此,要把培養新域新質作戰力量人才作為長期策略工程,強化需求牽引、優化培養模式,緊盯短板弱項、實施分類孵化,加強實踐歷練、科學調控使用。
新質戰鬥力之「六新」相互關聯、相互促進,共同構成了新質戰鬥力的成長體系。隨著科技的不斷進步和戰爭形態的加速演變,「六新」的內涵和外延將不斷拓展和深化,新質戰鬥力將成為塑造未來戰爭的關鍵力量。
(作者單位:空軍工程大學)