People’s Republic of China Enters Global Governance Era

來源:中國信息安全

Source: China Information Security

China

Faced with a global network of new space, new areas, new home, how to learn the basis of Western Internet technology as the driving force of the traditional advantages of Internet governance model, to insist upon the sovereignty of the network, network security, network continue to promote economic prosperity and the need to fully reflect the General secretary Xi “four principles, five advocate” contains Chinese wisdom. For this reason, we face the reality of network threats, adherence to the “network of global governance China is entering the era of” road confidence is to make the network power of dreams and the vision to build a common destiny in cyberspace interconnection important ideological foundation.

Wuzhen successful conclusion of the summit, the global Internet governance is being used by Western values-based, rule the West as the main rule, Western Internet technology as the driving force of traditional Internet governance model, to insist on the sovereignty of the network, network security and economic prosperity as the basic network-oriented China mode steering. This shift was marked by the construction of the Internet learning General Secretary of the five propositions. These five ideas ranging from the physical aspects of China Unicom, cultural communication, trade exchange and network security, summed up in three fundamental characteristics, namely security, prosperity and globalization.

First, the general secretary Xi five ideas, to enhance network security and Internet freedom both status. This is a development of the Internet during ultra-liberal favorable correction of flooding. In human society entered the globalization and modernization of the historical background of a higher stage, the Internet has gone beyond the scope of technology, business and even exchange on the state of human life made for a global state. The living conditions of globalization try to mankind so far carried out in other areas, as both benefit from the freedom, innovation and diversity, but also trapped in dangerous disorder brought pluralism and deconstruction of the conflicts caused confusion . If in the early stages of development of the Internet, people can also use the price of liberty to defend the Internet out of order, then in this case, today’s Internet life is closely related to the direct and real life, it has been found that the “price of freedom “not only heavy and expensive, and in many cases even have constituted for economic security, political security and social security of all-round challenge.

Such challenges are mainly in three aspects, first, transnational crime is using Internet technology to achieve a new global distribution and the ability to upgrade the crime, and international judicial cooperation system is still unable to effectively respond to this challenge. In addition to traditional money laundering, smuggling, drug trafficking and other transnational criminal activities is the “Internet +” vision beyond the restructuring, the Internet itself is a breeding ground for its unique form of high-tech crime, such as hacking, virus, virtual currency black market, etc. . Although countries the judiciary had a hard struggle, but due to unity, flexibility, vastly more complex than the effectiveness of cooperation among countries of the Internet world, this fragmented country anchored to the Internet security system there are still serious failure. Second, among the increasingly fierce national competition, confrontation and ideological cultural conflict, so that the Internet has become a virtual battleground possible. If in reality, due to multiple brutal war mankind has accumulated a number of how much the bottom line with consensus, then in such a new field of Internet, the human consensus is still quite limited. Some countries and groups act in the Internet has been a serious violation of international rules and the reality of national sovereignty, and even loss of human ethics basic respect. The Internet has become the espionage, subversion and extreme battlefield behavior, the imperialists, hegemony, extremists and terrorists are turning to the name of freedom, the basic values ​​of human society and order challenge. Third, the Internet has brought economic opportunities are increasingly reflect the complex multi-faceted, excessive trade liberalization on economic security are new challenges. On the one hand, the “Internet +” is indeed able to promote the rational allocation of resources, to break the monopoly and information asymmetry, to facilitate transactions occur frequently, but on the other hand, the Internet economy has a serious impact on many traditional offline trading patterns, exacerbated protection of intellectual property rights dilemma, enlarged attention economy bubble. In this case, the security of the Internet has become the common interests of China and around the world essential.

Secondly, the development of the online world is inseparable from the real world support. E-commerce, network attention economy is becoming the world’s most important material basis, and this basis in fact. The stability is closely related to the real economy. In the world economy, there are many uncertainties, sluggish Western economies today, only continued prosperity of China’s economy can continue to provide opportunities for the development of the global Internet economy, only China is leading the world in order to build the basis for a global network to maximize. During the “Twelve Five”, China’s Internet industry to flourish. China Internet Network Information Center show that China’s industrial development of the Internet show a continued increase in industrial scale, “Twelve Five” period, expanding the audience, and gradually optimize the characteristics of technical facilities. “Twelve Five” period, the economic growth rate of China’s Internet significantly improved, the Internet economy in the proportion of GDP continues to rise. In 2014, the rate of contribution to the GDP of the Internet industry of 7% over the same period the United States. China is the world’s largest network of retail trading market, trading volume and user scale ranked first in the world.

And promote the common development of the global Internet economy in the West embarrassment structure of vested interests, to fully release the potential of the Internet can not be compared, the greater the intensity and commitment to reform, the reality of China’s Internet economy less bound themselves not only to achieve the turn to overtake, but already has strength.It is particularly worth mentioning is that, with the advancement of initiatives along the way, along the way to integrate e-commerce in global e-commerce is becoming a hot spot. Unicom physical, smooth e-commerce business will provide a vast space on the upgrade along the way.

Finally, the general secretary Xi five not trying to advocate a traditional concept of sovereignty to limit the development of the modern Internet, but on the basis of security, freedom and prosperity on both raised the times of global Internet governance ideas. This is because, on the one hand, the reform and opening up has always been China’s basic national policy, including any area, including the Internet field, it is impossible to challenge the policy. China’s Internet development in China’s economy as a result of integration into the world rather than isolated from the world. On the other hand, Internet issues facing China and local issues facing the global community as to promote closer cooperation of all concerned to build a just and rational order of the Internet, almost the only solution. The problem is that, for the purposes of some developed countries have technological advantages and disorderly state has given them much brought some problems, but it also brings technical advantages of the abuse of privilege. In this case, the responsibility and conditional responsibility, perhaps only China, which is the biggest beneficiary because on the one hand, China is both Internet freedom and prosperity, but also the largest Internet chaos and crime victims.

More importantly, the rise of China and indeed eager to have a field to lead the world to practice their own ideals. In the online world, the Chinese have the opportunity to turn to overtake. Indeed, in an increasingly global political unrest, economic stagnation appetite, the reality of an increasingly negative energy dispersive historical juncture, the online world has never been so urgently needs Chinese wisdom, Chinese programs and Chinese forces.China likely to extraordinary efforts to lead the world digital economy, out of the mire of stagnation. China advocates the concept may lead the online world hegemony from the digital world into the jungle community of destiny.The Chinese also need to grasp this opportunity, as compared to large countries, vested interest structure is highly curable realities of the international community, in the digital global society, China has more space and more opportunities to show himself as a modern powers to govern, to get a feeling of authority in the world should have a big country, and this authority will eventually radiated by the network to reality.

Original Mandarin Chinese:

面对全球一网的新空间、新领域、新家园,如何在汲取以西方互联网技术为动力的传统互联网治理模式优点的基础上,坚持网络主权、网络安全,持续推动网络经济繁荣,需要充分体现习总书记“四项原则、五大主张” 蕴含的中国智慧。为此,直面现实网络威胁,坚持“网络全球治理正在进入中国时代”的道路自信,是让网络强国梦想与构建网络空间命运共同体愿景互联互通的重要思想基础。

乌镇峰会顺利结束,全球互联网治理正在由以西方价值观为基础、以西方规则为主要规则、西方互联网技术为动力的传统互联网治理模式,向坚持网络主权、网络安全与网络经济繁荣为基本导向的中国模式转向。这个转向的标志就是习总书记提出的互联网建设五大主张。这五大主张涵盖了从物理联通、文化沟通、贸易互通以及网络安全等多个方面,归纳起来有三个根本的特征,即安全、繁荣与全球化。

首先,习总书记的五大主张,将网络安全提升到与网络自由并重的地位。这是对互联网发展过程中极端自由主义泛滥的有利纠治。在人类社会进入全球化、现代化更高阶段的历史背景下,互联网已经超越了技术、商务乃至交流上的范畴,而成为了一种人类全球化状态下的生活状态。这一生活状态与人类迄今为止在其他领域内进行的全球化尝试一样,既受益于自由、创新与多元,也受困于无序带来的危险、多元带来的冲突与解构带来的混乱。如果说在早期的互联网发展阶段,人们还可以用自由的代价来对互联网的失序进行辩护,那么在今天这种互联网生活直接与现实生活密切相关的情况下,人们已经发现这种“自由的代价”不仅沉重且昂贵,而且在很多时候甚至已经构成了对于经济安全、政治安全与社会安全的全方位挑战。

这种挑战主要表现在三个方面,其一,跨国犯罪正在利用互联网技术,实现全新的全球化布局与犯罪能力升级,而国际司法合作体系尚无法有效回应这一严峻挑战。除了传统的洗钱、偷渡、贩毒等跨国犯罪活动正在以“互联网+”的视野进行重组之外,互联网本身也滋生出其特有的高科技犯罪形态,比如黑客攻击、病毒传播、虚拟货币黑市等等。尽管各国司法机关进行了艰苦的斗争,但是由于互联网世界的一体性、灵活性、复杂性远远超过各国合作的有效性,这种以碎片状的国家为基点的互联网安全体制仍然存在着严重的失灵。其二,日益激烈的国家间竞争、意识形态对立以及文化冲突,让互联网有成为虚拟战场的可能。如果说在现实社会中,人类由于多次残酷的大战还多少积累了一些底线与共识,那么在互联网这样一个全新的领域中,人类的共识还相当有限。一些国家与群体在互联网中的行径已经严重侵犯了现实中的国际规则与国家主权,甚至丧失了对于人类道德伦理的基本尊重。互联网成为了间谍行为、颠覆行为与极端行为的战场,帝国主义者、霸权主义者、极端主义者与恐怖主义者正在借助自由的名义,对人类社会的基本秩序与价值进行挑战。其三,互联网带来的经济机遇正在越来越体现出复杂的多面性,过度的贸易自由正在对经济安全提出新的挑战。一方面,“互联网+”的确能够促进资源的合理配置,打破信息的垄断与不对称,便于交易的频繁发生,但是另一方面,互联网经济也严重冲击了许多传统的线下交易模式,加剧了知识产权保护的困境,放大了注意力经济中的泡沫。在这种情况下,互联网的安全已经成为中国与全球各国至关重要的共同利益。

其次,网络世界的发展离不开现实世界的支撑。电子商务、注意力经济正在成为网络世界最重要的物质基础,而这个基础的牢固与否其实与实体经济的发展密切相关。在世界经济存在诸多不确定因素、西方经济低迷不振的今天,只有持续繁荣的中国经济能够为全球互联网经济的发展提供持续的机遇,也只有中国的引领才能最大限度地构筑全球网络世界的基础。“十二五”期间,中国的互联网产业蓬勃发展。中国互联网络信息中心的报告显示,“十二五”期间我国的互联网产业发展呈现产业规模持续增加、受众群体不断扩大、技术设施逐步优化的特点。“十二五”期间,中国互联网对经济增长的贡献率显著提升,互联网经济在GDP中的占比持续攀升。2014年,互联网行业对GDP的贡献率达到7%,超过了美国的同期水平。中国更是拥有全球最大的网络零售交易市场,交易额和用户规模位居世界首位。

与西方困窘于既得利益集团结构,无法充分释放互联网潜力相比,改革决心与力度更大,现实束缚更少的中国互联网经济不仅自己实现了弯道超车,而且已经具备了带动全球互联网经济共同发展的实力。尤其值得一提的是,随着一带一路倡议的推进,电子商务在一带一路上的集成正在成为全球电子商务的热点。物理上的联通,贸易上的畅通将为电子商务在一带一路上的升级提供广阔的空间。

最后,习总书记的五项主张并不是试图以一种传统的主权观念去限制现代互联网的发展,而是在安全、自由、繁荣并重的基础上提出的与时俱进的互联网全球治理思路。这是因为,一方面,改革开放始终是中国的基本国策,包括互联网领域在内的任何领域,都不可能挑战这一政策。中国的互联网发展与中国的经济一样,是融入世界而非隔离于世界的结果。另一方面,中国所面临的互联网问题与当地全球社会面临的问题一样,推动有关各方的密切合作,构建一个公正、合理的互联网秩序,几乎是唯一的解决办法。问题在于,对于一些拥有技术优势的发达国家而言,无序的状态虽然给它们多少带来了一些困扰,但是也带来了滥用技术优势的特权。在这种情况下,能够负起责任的,有条件负起责任的,也许只有中国,这是因为一方面,中国既是互联网自由与繁荣的最大受益者,也是互联网混乱与犯罪最大的受害者。

更重要的是,崛起中的中国也的确渴望能有一块场域来实践自己对于引领世界的理想。在网络世界中,中国更有机会弯道超车。事实上,在全球政治日益动荡、经济停滞不振,现实中的负能量日益弥散的历史关口,网络世界从未如此迫切地需要中国智慧、中国方案和中国力量。中国不凡的努力有可能引领世界数字经济发展,走出发展停滞不前的泥潭中。中国倡导的理念可能引领网络世界从霸权的丛林世界变为数字化的命运共同体。而中国也同样需要把握这样一个机会,因为相比于大国林立、既得利益结构高度固化的现实国际社会,在数字化的全球社会中,中国拥有更大的空间与更多的机遇去展现自己作为一个现代化大国的治理才能,去获得一个具有天下情怀大国应有的权威,而这个权威也终将由网络辐射到现实之中。

來源:中國信息安全

Source: China Information Security

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