中華人民共和國網絡空間國際合作戰略
Table of contents
preamble
Chapter 1 Opportunities and Challenges
Chapter II Basic Principles
1. The principle of peace
2. Principle of Sovereignty
3. The principle of co-governance
4. The principle of inclusiveness
Chapter III Strategic Objectives
1. Safeguarding Sovereignty and Security
2. Building an international rule system
3. Promoting Fair Internet Governance
4. Protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens
5. Promoting Digital Economy Cooperation
6. Build an online cultural exchange platform
Chapter 4 Action Plan
1. Advocate and promote peace and stability in cyberspace
2. Promoting the construction of a rules-based cyberspace order
3. Continue to expand partnerships in cyberspace
4. Actively promote the reform of the global Internet governance system
V. Deepen international cooperation in combating cyber terrorism and cybercrime
6. Advocate the protection of citizens’ rights and interests such as the right to privacy
7. Promote the development of the digital economy and the sharing of digital dividends
8. Strengthen the construction and protection of global information infrastructure
9. Promoting Network Cultural Exchange and Mutual Learning
conclusion
preamble
”Cyberspace is a common space for human activities, and the future and destiny of cyberspace should be shared by all countries in the world. Countries should strengthen communication, expand consensus, and deepen cooperation to jointly build a community of shared future in cyberspace.”
- Chinese President Xi Jinping, December 16, 2015 In today’s world, information technology represented by the Internet is changing with each passing day, leading new changes in social production, creating a new space for human life, expanding new areas of national governance, and greatly improving human beings’ ability to understand and transform the world. As a common wealth of human society, the Internet has turned the world into a “global village”. Countries are interconnected in cyberspace, their interests are intertwined, and they share weal and woe. Maintaining peace and security in cyberspace, promoting openness and cooperation, and jointly building a community with a shared future in cyberspace conform to the common interests of the international community and are also the common responsibility of the international community. The “Cyberspace International Cooperation Strategy” comprehensively declares China’s policy stance on international issues related to cyberspace, and systematically explains the basic principles, strategic goals and action points of China’s external work in the cyber field, aiming to guide China’s participation in cyberspace international cooperation in the future. Exchanges and cooperation, promote the joint efforts of the international community, strengthen dialogue and cooperation, jointly build a peaceful, secure, open, cooperative, and orderly cyberspace, and establish a multilateral, democratic, and transparent global Internet governance system.
Chapter 1 Opportunities and Challenges
Against the backdrop of multi-polarization of the world, economic globalization, cultural diversity, and profound changes in the global governance system, mankind has ushered in a new era of information revolution. The information and communication technology represented by the Internet is changing with each passing day, profoundly changing people’s production and lifestyle, and increasingly stimulating market innovation, promoting economic prosperity, and promoting social development. Cyberspace has increasingly become a new channel for information dissemination, a new space for production and life, a new engine for economic development, a new carrier for cultural prosperity, a new platform for social governance, a new link for exchanges and cooperation, and a new frontier for national sovereignty.
Cyberspace has brought great opportunities to mankind, but it has also brought many new issues and challenges. The security and stability of cyberspace has become a global concern that concerns the sovereignty, security and development interests of all countries. Problems such as unbalanced development, unsound rules, and irrational order in the Internet field have become increasingly prominent. The “digital divide” between countries and regions continues to widen. Critical information infrastructure has relatively large risks and hidden dangers. It is difficult for the global Internet basic resource management system to reflect the wishes and interests of most countries. Cyber terrorism has become a global public hazard, and cybercrime is spreading. Misuse of information and communication technologies to interfere in the internal affairs of other countries and engage in large-scale network surveillance occurs from time to time. Cyberspace lacks international rules that generally and effectively regulate the behavior of al
l parties, and its own development is constrained.
In the face of problems and challenges, no country can survive alone. The international community should conduct dialogue and cooperation in the spirit of mutual respect, mutual understanding and mutual accommodation, and realize global governance of cyberspace based on rules.
Chapter II Basic Principles
China has always been a builder of world peace, a contributor to global development, and a defender of international order. China unswervingly follows the path of peaceful development, adheres to the correct concept of justice and interests, and promotes the establishment of a new type of international relations featuring win-win cooperation. The theme of China’s cyberspace international cooperation strategy is peaceful development, with win-win cooperation as the core, and advocating peace, sovereignty, co-governance, and universal benefits as the basic principles of international exchanges and cooperation in cyberspace.
1. The principle of peace
Cyberspace is interconnected and the interests of all countries are increasingly intertwined. A safe, stable and prosperous cyberspace is of great significance to all countries and the world.
The international community must earnestly abide by the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, especially the principles of non-use or threat of use of force and peaceful settlement of disputes to ensure peace and security in cyberspace. All countries should jointly oppose the use of information and communication technologies to carry out hostile and aggressive acts, prevent cyber arms races, prevent conflicts in cyberspace, and insist on peacefully resolving disputes in cyberspace. We should abandon the Cold War mentality, zero-sum game and double standards, and seek peace through cooperation on the basis of fully respecting the security of other countries, and strive to realize our own security in common security.
Cyber terrorism is a new threat affecting international peace and security. The international community should take practical measures to prevent and cooperate in combating cyber terrorism. Prevent terrorists from using the Internet to spread terrorist extremist ideas, plan and implement terrorist activities.
2. Principle of Sovereignty
The principle of sovereign equality established in the Charter of the United Nations is the basic norm of contemporary international relations, covering all areas of state-to-state exchanges, and should also apply to cyberspace. Countries should respect each other’s right to independently choose the path of network development, network management model, Internet public policy, and equal participation in international cyberspace governance, and refrain from engaging in cyber hegemony, not interfering in the internal affairs of other countries, and not engaging in, condoning or supporting cyberspace that endangers the national security of other countries. Activity.
Clarifying the sovereignty of cyberspace can not only reflect the responsibilities and rights of governments to manage cyberspace in accordance with the law, but also help countries build a platform for positive interaction between governments, enterprises and social groups, and create a platform for the development of information technology and international exchanges and cooperation. A healthy ecological environment.
The governments of all countries have the right to manage the network according to law, have jurisdiction over the information and communication infrastructure, resources, and information and communication activities within their own borders, and have the right to protect their own information systems and information resources from threats, interference, attacks and destruction, and to ensure the security of citizens in cyberspace. legal interest. Governments of all countries have the right to formulate their own Internet public policies, laws and regulations without any external interference. While exercising their own rights in accordance with the principle of sovereign equality, countries also need to fulfill corresponding obligations. Countries must not use information and communication technology to interfere in other countries’ internal affairs, and must not use their own advantages to damage the security of other countries’ information and communication technology product and service supply chains.
3. The principle of co-governance
Cyberspace is a common activity space for mankind, and it needs to be jointly built and governed by all countries in the world. The international governance of cyberspace should first adhere to multilateral participation. Countries, regardless of size, strength, wealth or poverty, are equal members of the international community and have the right to equally participate in the construction of international order and rules in cyberspace through international network governance mechanisms and platforms, so as to en
sure that the future development of cyberspace is shared by people of all countries. master.
Second, multi-party participation should be adhered to. The role of the government, international organizations, Internet companies, technical communities, non-governmental organizations, and individual citizens should be brought into play to build an all-round and multi-level governance platform. Countries should strengthen communication and exchanges, improve dialogue and consultation mechanisms in cyberspace, and jointly formulate international rules in cyberspace. As an important channel, the United Nations should give full play to its coordinating role, coordinate the positions of all parties, and build international consensus. Other international mechanisms and platforms should also give play to their respective advantages and provide useful supplements. The international community should jointly manage and fairly distribute basic Internet resources, establish a multilateral, democratic, and transparent global Internet governance system, and realize Internet resource sharing, responsibility sharing, and cooperative governance.
4. The principle of inclusiveness
The integrated development of the Internet and various industries has had an overall and revolutionary impact on the economic structure, social form and innovation system of various countries, providing a strong impetus for world economic growth and the realization of sustainable development goals. Promoting the universal benefits of the Internet to benefit all regions and countries will provide assistance for the effective implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
The international community should continue to promote openness and cooperation in the Internet field, enrich the connotation of openness, improve the level of openness, build more platforms for communication and cooperation, promote complementary advantages and common development in cyberspace, ensure that everyone shares the fruits of Internet development, and realize the goals set by the United Nations World Summit on the Information Society. The goal of building a people-oriented, development-oriented and inclusive information society.
Countries should actively promote bilateral, regional and international development cooperation, especially increase financial and technical assistance to developing countries in network capacity building to help them seize digital opportunities and bridge the “digital divide”.
Chapter III Strategic Objectives
The strategic objectives of China’s participation in international cooperation in cyberspace are to firmly safeguard China’s cyber sovereignty, security and development interests, ensure the safe and orderly flow of Internet information, improve the level of international connectivity, maintain peace, security and stability in cyberspace, promote the international rule of law in cyberspace, and promote The development of the global digital economy will deepen cultural exchanges and mutual learning on the Internet, so that the achievements of Internet development will benefit the whole world and better benefit the people of all countries.
1. Safeguarding Sovereignty and Security
China is committed to maintaining peace and security in cyberspace, and building a fair and reasonable international order in cyberspace on the basis of national sovereignty, and is actively promoting and consolidating international consensus in this regard. China firmly opposes any country interfering in the internal affairs of other countries through the Internet, and maintains that all countries have the right and responsibility to maintain their own cyber security, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of all parties in cyberspace through national laws and policies. The tendency to strengthen armaments and strengthen deterrence in cyberspace is not conducive to international security and strategic mutual trust. China is committed to promoting all parties to effectively abide by the basic norms of international relations such as peaceful settlement of disputes and non-use or threat of use of force, establish consultation and mediation mechanisms, prevent and avoid conflicts, and prevent cyberspace from becoming a new battlefield.
The construction of national defense forces in cyberspace is an important part of China’s national defense and military modernization, and it follows the consistent military strategy of active defense. China will give full play to the important role of the military in safeguarding national cyberspace sovereignty, security and development interests, accelerate the construction of cyberspace forces, improve cyberspace situational awareness, network defense, support national cyberspace operations and participate in international cooperation capabilities, and curb and control cyberspace. A major crisis in space, to ensure national network security, maintain national security and social stability.
- Building an international rule system As a new frontier, cyberspace urgently needs to formulate relevant rules and codes of conduct. China advocates the formulation of international rules and norms of national behavior in cyberspace that are generally accepted by all countries under the framework of the United Nations, establish the basic norms that countries and various actors should follow in cyberspace, regulate the behavior of all parties, and promote cooperation among countries to maintain cyberspace security. , stability and prosperity. China supports and actively participates in the international rule-making process, and will continue to strengthen dialogue and cooperation with the international community and make its own contribution. China is a staunch defender of cyber security. China is also a victim of hacker attacks. China opposes any form of hacker attacks. No matter what kind of hacker attacks are illegal and criminal, they should be cracked down in accordance with laws and relevant international conventions. Cyber attacks are usually transnational and difficult to trace. China advocates that all countries jointly maintain cyberspace security through constructive consultation and cooperation. 3. Promoting Fair Internet Governance China advocates building a multilateral, democratic and transparent global Internet governance system through equal participation and joint decision-making by the international community. All countries should enjoy equal rights to participate in Internet governance. Basic Internet resources should be allocated fairly, and key information infrastructure such as Internet root servers should be jointly managed. It is necessary to ensure the inclusiveness and openness of relevant international processes and strengthen the representation and voice of developing countries. China supports the strengthening of communication and cooperation among various stakeholders, including governments, international organizations, Internet companies, technical communities, non-governmental organizations, and individual citizens. All stakeholders should play a role that matches their own roles in the above-mentioned governance model, and the government should play a key leading role in Internet governance, especially public policy and security, to achieve joint participation, scientific management, and democratic decision-making. 4. Protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens China supports the freedom and openness of the Internet, fully respects the rights and basic freedoms of citizens in cyberspace, protects the public’s right to know, participate, express, and supervise in cyberspace, and protects personal privacy in cyberspace. At the same time, cyberspace is not a “place outside the law”. Like the real society, cyberspace should not only promote freedom, but also maintain order. China is committed to promoting the effective governance of cyberspace and realizing the organic integration of free flow of information with national security and public interests. 5. Promoting Digital Economy Cooperation China vigorously implements the strategy of network power, national informatization strategy, national big data strategy, and “Internet +” action plan, vigorously develops e-commerce, strives to promote the deep integration of the Internet and the real economy, promotes the optimization of resource allocation, and promotes the improvement of total factor productivity. Play an active role in promoting innovative development, transforming the mode of economic growth, and adjusting the economic structure. China upholds the market concept of fairness, openness and competition, and while developing itself, adheres to the principles of cooperation and inclusiveness, promotes the development of investment and trade around the world, and promotes the development of the global digital economy. China advocates the promotion of fair and free trade in the international community, opposes trade barriers and trade protectionism, promotes the establishment of an open and secure digital economic environment, and ensures that the Internet serves economic development and innovation. China advocates further promoting the realization of fair, reasonable and universal Internet access, the popularization of Internet technology, and the diversity of Internet languages, strengthening exchanges and cooperation between China and other countries and regions in network security and information technology, and jointly promoting the development of Internet technology and innovation, to ensure that everyone can share the digital dividend equally, and to achieve sustainable development of cyberspace. China insists on ensuring development through security and promoting security through development. To maintain the healthy and strong development of the digital economy, we should neither pursue absolute security to hinder the vitality of development, restrict openness an
- d interoperability, and imprison technological innovation, nor should we avoid necessary security supervision measures on the grounds of market liberalization and trade liberalization. Different countries and regions have different levels of Internet development and network security protection capabilities. We should provide assistance within our capabilities to developing countries to improve their network security capabilities, bridge the “digital divide” between developing countries and developed countries, and achieve mutual benefit and win-win digital economy. Make up for the shortcomings of global network security.
- 6. Build an online cultural exchange platform
- The Internet is an important carrier for spreading the excellent culture of mankind and promoting positive energy. Cyberspace is the common spiritual home of mankind. All countries should strengthen cooperation, jointly shoulder the heavy responsibility of using the Internet to inherit excellent culture, cultivate and develop a positive Internet culture, give full play to the important role of culture in nourishing human beings, conserving society, and promoting economic development, and jointly promote the construction of Internet civilization and the prosperity and development of Internet culture .
- China is willing to work with other countries to give full play to the advantages of the Internet communication platform, build a bridge of international exchanges through the Internet, and promote exchanges and mutual learning of excellent cultures of various countries. Strengthen the capacity building of network culture dissemination, promote the diversified development of international network culture, enrich people’s spiritual world, and promote the progress of human civilization.
- Chapter 4 Action Plan
- China will actively participate in relevant international processes in the cyber field, strengthen bilateral, regional and international dialogue and cooperation, enhance international mutual trust, seek common development, and jointly deal with threats, with a view to finally reaching international rules for cyberspace that are generally accepted by all parties, and building a fair and reasonable global Cyberspace Governance System.
- 1. Advocate and promote peace and stability in cyberspace
- Participate in discussions on bilateral and multilateral confidence-building measures, take preventive diplomacy measures, and respond to various cyber security threats through dialogue and consultation.
- Strengthen dialogue, study new threats in the cyber domain that affect international peace and security, jointly curb the abuse of information technology, and prevent an arms race in cyberspace.
- Promote discussions in the international community on the peaceful nature of cyberspace, and study the application of international law to cyberspace from the perspective of maintaining international security and strategic mutual trust and preventing cyber conflicts.
- 2. Promoting the construction of a rules-based cyberspace order
- Give full play to the important role of the United Nations in the formulation of international rules in cyberspace, support and promote the adoption of information and network security-related resolutions by the United Nations General Assembly, and actively promote and participate in processes such as the United Nations Group of Governmental Experts on Information Security.
- The member states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization submitted the updated text of the “International Code of Conduct for Information Security” to the UN General Assembly in January 2015. The “Code of Conduct” is the first document in the world that comprehensively and systematically expounds the code of conduct in cyberspace. It is an important public security product provided by China and other SCO member states to promote the international community to formulate a code of conduct in cyberspace. China will continue to strengthen international dialogue on this initiative and strive for broad international understanding and support for it.
- Support the universal participation of the international community in international discussions and consultations on cyber issues on an equal basis.
- 3. Continue to expand partnerships in cyberspace
- China is committed to establishing extensive cooperative partnerships with all parties in the international community, actively expanding dialogue mechanisms on cyber affairs with other countries, and extensively carrying out bilateral cyber foreign policy exchanges and practical cooperation.
- Hold international conferences such as the World Internet Conference (Wuzhen Summit), continue to hold bilateral Internet forums with relevant countries, hold seminars on Internet issues under the framework of China, Japan, South Korea, the ASEAN Regional Forum, and the Boao Forum for Asia, etc., to expand the network dialogue and cooperation platform.
- Promote and deepen practical cooperation in cyber s
- ecurity between the SCO and BRICS countries. Promote the balanced development of the ASEAN Regional Forum cyber security process. Actively promote and support CICA, Forum on China-Africa Cooperation, China-Arab Cooperation Forum, China-CELAC Forum, Asian-African Legal Consultative Organization and other regional organizations to carry out cyber security cooperation. Promote the initiative of APEC, G20 and other organizations to cooperate in the fields of Internet and digital economy. Explore exchange dialogues with other regional organizations in the cyber arena.
- 4. Actively promote the reform of the global Internet governance system
- Participate in the follow-up process of the implementation of the outcomes of the United Nations World Summit on the Information Society, promote the international community to consolidate and implement the consensus on the outcomes of the summit, and fairly share the results of the development of the information society.
- Promote the mechanism reform of the United Nations Internet Governance Forum, and promote the forum to play a greater role in Internet governance. Strengthen the forum’s decision-making capabilities on Internet governance matters, promote the forum to obtain a stable source of funding, and develop open and transparent procedures for selecting relevant members and submitting reports.
- Participate in international discussions aimed at promoting the fair distribution and management of key Internet resources, actively promote the international reform of ICANN, make it a truly independent international organization, and continuously improve its representativeness and openness in decision-making and operation transparent. Actively participate in and promote global Internet governance platform activities such as the “Future of the Internet” action initiative of the World Economic Forum.
- V. Deepen international cooperation in combating cyber terrorism and cybercrime
- Discuss the code of conduct and specific measures for the international community to cooperate in combating cyber terrorism, including exploring the formulation of an international convention against terrorism in cyberspace, to enhance the consensus of the international community on combating cybercrime and cyberterrorism, and provide a basis for countries to carry out specific law enforcement cooperation.
- Support and promote the UN Security Council to play an important role in international cooperation against cyber terrorism.
- Support and promote the work of the United Nations to combat cybercrime, participate in the work of the United Nations Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice, the United Nations Group of Governmental Experts on Cybercrime and other mechanisms, and promote the discussion and formulation of global international legal instruments against cybercrime within the framework of the United Nations.
- Strengthen regional cooperation, rely on the Asia-Pacific region’s annual meeting and coordination mechanism to carry out cooperation in combating information technology crimes, actively participate in relevant cooperation with regional organizations such as the ASEAN Regional Forum, and promote the institutional arrangements for the BRICS countries to combat cybercrime and cyberterrorism.
- Strengthen policy exchanges and law enforcement cooperation with other countries to combat cybercrime and cyberterrorism. Actively explore the establishment of an institutionalized dialogue and exchange platform for combating cyber terrorism, establish a bilateral police cooperation mechanism with the police of other countries, improve the judicial assistance mechanism for combating cybercrime, and strengthen the exchange of technical experience in combating cybercrime.
- 6. Advocate the protection of citizens’ rights and interests such as the right to privacy
- Support the discussions of the United Nations General Assembly and the Human Rights Council on privacy protection issues, and promote the establishment of principles of personal privacy protection in cyberspace. Promote countries to take measures to stop the use of the Internet to infringe on personal privacy, and exchange practices and practices on respecting and protecting personal privacy in cyberspace.
- Promote enterprises to raise awareness of data security protection, support enterprises to strengthen industry self-discipline, and discuss best practices in cyberspace personal information protection. Promote cooperation between the government and enterprises to jointly protect personal privacy in cyberspace.
- 7. Promote the development of the digital economy and the sharing of digital dividends
- Promote the implementation of the goal of building a people-centered, development-oriented, and inclusive information society set by the United Nations World Summit on the Information Society, so as to promote the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
- Support Internet-based innovation and entrepreneurship, and promote the digital transformation of industry, agriculture, and service industries. Promote the informatization development of small, medium and micro enterprises. Promote investment in the ICT sector. Expand broadband access and improve broadband quality. Improve the digital skills of the public and increase digital inclusion. Enhance the availability, integrity, confidentiality and reliability of online transactions, and develop credible, stable and reliable Internet applications.
- Support the provision of cyber security capacity building assistance to developing countries, including technology transfer, key information infrastructure construction and personnel training, etc., to transform the “digital divide” into digital opportunities, and allow more developing countries and their people to share the benefits brought by the Internet. Development Opportunities.
- Promote the formulation of comprehensive cyberspace trade rules and promote the effective coordination of relevant policies of various countries. Carry out international cooperation in e-commerce, and improve the level of facilitation in customs clearance and logistics. Protect intellectual property rights, oppose trade protectionism, form a world network market, and promote the prosperity and development of the global network economy.
- Strengthen Internet technology cooperation and sharing, promote technical cooperation among countries in the fields of network communications, mobile Internet, cloud computing, Internet of Things, and big data, jointly solve Internet technology development problems, and jointly promote the development of new industries and new formats. Strengthen talent exchanges and jointly cultivate innovative network talents.
- Closely combined with the “Belt and Road” construction, promote and support China’s Internet companies in the joint manufacturing, finance, information and communication fields to take the lead in going out, participate in international competition in accordance with the principle of fairness, jointly explore the international market, and build a cross-border industrial chain system. Encourage Chinese enterprises to actively participate in the capacity building of other countries, help developing countries develop distance education, telemedicine, e-commerce and other industries, and promote the social development of these countries.
- 8. Strengthen the construction and protection of global information infrastructure
- Jointly promote the construction of global information infrastructure and pave the way for smooth information flow. Promote the interconnection of information infrastructure with neighboring countries and other countries and the construction of the “Belt and Road”, so that more countries and people can share the development opportunities brought by the Internet.
- Strengthen international cooperation, raise the awareness of protecting critical information infrastructure, promote the establishment of an orderly sharing mechanism for government, industry and enterprise network security information, and strengthen the security protection of critical information infrastructure and its important data.
- Promote countries to reach a consensus on the protection of critical information infrastructure, formulate cooperation measures for the protection of critical information infrastructure, and strengthen legislation, experience and technical exchanges on the protection of critical information infrastructure.
- Promote the strengthening of cooperation among countries in early warning and prevention, emergency response, technological innovation, standards and regulations, and information sharing, and improve the ability to prevent and respond to cyber risks.
- 9. Promoting Network Cultural Exchange and Mutual Learning
- Promote the development of network cultural cooperation among countries, let the Internet fully display the achievements of civilizations of all countries and nations, become a platform for cultural exchanges and mutual learning, and enhance emotional exchanges and spiritual communication between people of all countries. Taking the animation and game industry as one of the key areas, pragmatically carry out cultural cooperation with countries along the “Belt and Road”, and encourage Chinese enterprises to fully rely on local cultural resources to provide differentiated online cultural products and services. Utilize domestic and foreign online culture expo trading platforms to promote Chinese online cultural products to go global. Support Chinese enterprises to participate in important international network cultural exhibitions. Promote the overseas landing of Internet cultural enterprises.
- conclusion
- The 21st century is the era of network and information technology. At a new historical starting point, China has proposed the grand goal of building a cyber power. This is an important measure to implement the “Four Comprehensives” strategi
- The 21st century is the era of network and information technology. At a new historical starting point, China has proposed the grand goal of building a cyber power. This is an important measure to implement the “Four Comprehensives” strategi
- c layout, and it is inevitable to realize the “Two Centenary” goals and the Chinese Dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. choose. China has always been a builder, maintainer and contributor of cyberspace. The development of China’s Internet information industry will not only benefit the Chinese people, but also contribute to the security and development of the global Internet.
- While promoting the strategic deployment of building a cyber power, China will uphold the concept of a new type of international relations centered on win-win cooperation, and is committed to joining hands with the international community to strengthen communication and exchanges, deepen mutually beneficial cooperation, build new partners for cooperation, and create A community with a shared future for mankind, making greater contributions to building a safe, stable, and prosperous cyberspace.
第四章行動計劃
一、倡導和促進網絡空間的和平與穩定
二、推動以規則為基礎的網絡空間秩序建設
三、繼續擴大網絡空間夥伴關係
四、積極推進全球互聯網治理體系改革
五、深化打擊網絡恐怖主義和網絡犯罪國際合作
6.倡導保護公民隱私權等權益
七、促進數字經濟發展和共享數字紅利
八、加強全球信息基礎設施建設和保護
九、促進網絡文化交流互鑑
結論
前言
“網絡空間是人類共同活動的空間，網絡空間的前途命運由世界各國共同承擔。各國應加強溝通，擴大共識，深化合作，共同構建網絡空間命運共同體。”
- 中國國家主席習近平，2015 年 12 月 16 日
當今世界，以互聯網為代表的信息技術日新月異，引領社會生產新變革，為人類生活創造新空間，拓展國家治理新領域，極大提高人類認識和改造能力 世界。
互聯網作為人類社會的共同財富，已經把世界變成了一個“地球村”。 各國在網絡空間互聯互通，利益交融，休戚與共。 維護網絡空間和平與安全，促進開放合作，共建網絡空間命運共同體，符合國際社會的共同利益，也是國際社會的共同責任。
《網絡空間國際合作戰略》全面宣示了中國在網絡空間相關國際問題上的政策立場，系統闡述了中國網絡空間對外工作的基本原則、戰略目標和行動要點，旨在指導中國參與網絡空間國際合作。 未來。 交流合作，推動國際社會共同努力，加強對話合作，共同建設和平、安全、開放、合作、有序的網絡空間，建立多邊、民主、透明的全球互聯網治理體系。
第一章機遇與挑戰
在世界多極化、經濟全球化、文化多元化、全球治理體系深刻變革的背景下，人類迎來了信息革命的新時代。 以互聯網為代表的信息通信技術日新月異，深刻改變著人們的生產生活方式，日益激發市場創新，促進經濟繁榮，促進社會發展。 網絡空間日益成為信息傳播的新渠道、生產生活的新空間、經濟發展的新引擎、文化繁榮的新載體、社會治理的新平台、交流合作的新紐帶， 國家主權的新領域。
網絡空間給人類帶來了巨大機遇，但也帶來了許多新問題和新挑戰。 網絡空間安全穩定已成為全球性問題，事關各國主權、安全和發展利益。 互聯網領域發展不平衡、規則不健全、秩序不合理等問題日益突出。 國家和地區之間的“數字鴻溝”不斷擴大。 關鍵信息基礎設施存在較大風險和隱患。 全球互聯網基礎資源管理體系難以體現大多數國家的意願和利益。 網絡恐怖主義已成為全球公害，網絡犯罪蔓延。 濫用信息通信技術干涉別國內政、進行大規模網絡監視的行為時有發生。 網絡空間缺乏普遍有效地規範所有人行為的國際規則
各方，自身發展受到製約。
面對問題和挑戰，任何國家都不可能獨善其身。 國際社會應本著相互尊重、互諒互讓的精神開展對話合作，實現網絡空間全球治理以規則為基礎。
第二章 基本原則
中國始終是世界和平的建設者、全球發展的貢獻者、國際秩序的維護者。 中國堅定不移走和平發展道路，堅持正確義利觀，推動建立以合作共贏為核心的新型國際關係。 中國網絡空間國際合作戰略的主題是和平發展，以合作共贏為核心，把倡導和平、主權、共治、普惠作為網絡空間國際交流與合作的基本原則。
一、和平原則
網絡空間互聯互通，各國利益日益交融。 一個安全、穩定、繁榮的網絡空間，對各國和世界都具有重要意義。
國際社會必須切實遵守《聯合國憲章》的宗旨和原則，特別是不使用或威脅使用武力以及和平解決爭端的原則，確保網絡空間的和平與安全。 各國應共同反對利用信息通信技術實施敵對侵略行為，防止網絡軍備競賽，防止網絡空間衝突，堅持和平解決網絡空間爭端。 我們應該摒棄冷戰思維、零和博弈和雙重標準，在充分尊重別國安全的基礎上，以合作求和平，努力在共同安全中實現自身安全。
網絡恐怖主義是影響國際和平與安全的新威脅。 國際社會應採取切實措施防範和合作打擊網絡恐怖主義。 防止恐怖分子利用互聯網傳播恐怖極端思想，策劃實施恐怖活動。
二、主權原則
《聯合國憲章》確立的主權平等原則是當代國際關係的基本準則，涵蓋國與國交往的各個領域，也應適用於網絡空間。 各國應尊重彼此自主選擇網絡發展道路、網絡管理模式、互聯網公共政策和平等參與國際網絡空間治理的權利，不搞網絡霸權，不干涉別國內政， 不從事、縱容和支持危害他國國家安全的網絡空間活動。 活動。
明確網絡空間主權，不僅可以體現政府依法管理網絡空間的責任和權利，還有助於各國搭建政府、企業和社會團體良性互動的平台，為網絡空間的發展創造平台。 信息技術與國際交流與合作。 健康的生態環境。
各國政府有權依法管理網絡，對本國境內的信息通信基礎設施、資源和信息通信活動具有管轄權，有權保護本國的信息系統和信息資源 免受威脅、干擾、攻擊和破壞，並確保公民在網絡空間中的安全。 合法權益。 各國政府都有權制定自己的互聯網公共政策和法律法規，不受任何外來干涉。 各國在按照主權平等原則行使自身權利的同時，也需要履行相應的義務。 各國不得利用信息通信技術干涉別國內政，不得利用自身優勢損害別國信息通信技術產品和服務供應鏈安全。
三、共治原則
網絡空間是人類共同的活動空間，需要世界各國共同建設、共同治理。 網絡空間國際治理首先應堅持多邊參與。 各國不分大小強弱貧富，都是國際社會的平等成員，都有權通過國際網絡治理機制和平台，平等參與網絡空間國際秩序和規則建設，共同維護網絡安全。
確保網絡空間的未來發展屬於各國人民。 掌握。
二是堅持多方參與。 發揮政府、國際組織、互聯網企業、技術社群、非政府組織、公民個人的作用，構建全方位、多層次的治理平台。 各國應加強溝通交流，完善網絡空間對話協商機制，共同製定網絡空間國際規則。 聯合國作為重要渠道，應充分發揮協調作用，協調各方立場，凝聚國際共識。 其他國際機制和平台也應發揮各自優勢，提供有益補充。 國際社會應共同管理和公平分配互聯網基礎資源，建立多邊、民主、透明的全球互聯網治理體系，實現互聯網資源共享、責任共擔、合作治理。
四、包容性原則
互聯網與各行業的融合發展，對各國經濟結構、社會形態和創新體系產生了全面的、革命性的影響，為世界經濟增長和可持續發展目標的實現提供了強勁動力。 推動互聯網普惠惠及所有地區和國家，將為有效落實2030年可持續發展議程提供助力。
國際社會應繼續推進互聯網領域開放合作，豐富開放內涵，提高開放水平，搭建更多交流合作平台，促進網絡空間優勢互補、共同發展，讓共享成果共享。 促進互聯網發展，實現聯合國信息社會世界峰會確定的目標。 建設以人為本、面向發展、包容的信息社會的目標。
各國應積極推進雙邊、區域和國際發展合作，特別是加大對發展中國家網絡能力建設的資金和技術援助，幫助發展中國家抓住數字機遇，彌合“數字鴻溝”。
第三章 戰略目標
中國參與網絡空間國際合作的戰略目標是堅定維護國家網絡主權、安全和發展利益，保障互聯網信息安全有序流動，提升國際互聯互通水平，維護網絡空間和平、安全與穩定， 推動網絡空間國際法治建設，推動全球數字經濟發展，深化互聯網文化交流互鑑，讓互聯網發展成果惠及全世界，更好造福各國人民。
一、維護主權安全
中國致力於維護網絡空間的和平與安全，致力於構建以國家主權為基礎的公平合理的網絡空間國際秩序，積極推動和凝聚國際共識。 中方堅決反對任何國家通過互聯網干涉別國內政，主張各國都有權利和責任維護自身網絡安全，通過國家法律和法規保護各方在網絡空間的合法權益。 政策。 網絡空間加強軍備和威懾的傾向不利於國際安全和戰略互信。 中國致力於推動各方切實遵守和平解決爭端、不使用或威脅使用武力等國際關係基本準則，建立磋商和調解機制，預防和避免衝突，防止網絡空間成為 一個新的戰場。
網絡空間國防力量建設是我國國防和軍隊現代化建設的重要組成部分，始終堅持積極防禦的軍事戰略。 中國將充分發揮軍隊在維護國家網絡空間主權、安全和發展利益中的重要作用，加快網絡空間力量建設，提高網絡空間態勢感知、網絡防禦、保障國家網絡空間作戰和參與國際合作能力， 遏制和控製網絡空間。 應對重大太空危機，保障國家網絡安全，維護國家安全和社會穩定。
二、構建國際規則體系
網絡空間作為新領域，迫切需要製定相關規則和行為準則。 中國主張在聯合國框架下制定各國普遍接受的網絡空間國際規則和國家行為規範，確立各國和各行為體在網絡空間應遵循的基本準則，規範各方行為， 推動各國合作維護網絡空間安全。 ，穩定和繁榮。 中國支持並積極參與國際規則制定進程，將繼續加強與國際社會的對話與合作，做出自己的貢獻。
中國是網絡安全的堅定捍衛者。 中國也是黑客攻擊的受害者。 中方反對任何形式的黑客攻擊。 無論何種黑客攻擊行為違法犯罪，都應依據法律和相關國際公約予以打擊。 網絡攻擊通常是跨國的，難以追踪。 中方主張各國通過建設性協商與合作，共同維護網絡空間安全。
三、促進互聯網公平治理
中國主張通過國際社會平等參與、共同決策，構建多邊、民主、透明的全球互聯網治理體系。 各國應享有平等參與互聯網治理的權利。 公平配置互聯網基礎資源，共同管理互聯網根服務器等關鍵信息基礎設施。 要確保相關國際進程的包容性和開放性，加強發展中國家的代表性和發言權。
中方支持政府、國際組織、互聯網企業、技術社區、非政府組織、公民個人等各利益攸關方加強交流與合作。 在上述治理模式中，各利益相關方應發揮與其作用相匹配的作用，政府應在互聯網治理尤其是公共政策和安全領域發揮關鍵主導作用，實現共同參與、科學管理、民主決策。 製作。
四、保障公民合法權益
中國支持互聯網自由開放，充分尊重公民在網絡空間的權利和基本自由，保障公眾在網絡空間的知情權、參與權、表達權和監督權，保護個人在網絡空間的隱私權。 同時，網絡空間也不是“法外之地”。 與現實社會一樣，網絡空間既要促進自由，又要維護秩序。 中國致力於推進網絡空間有效治理，實現信息自由流動與國家安全和公共利益有機結合。
五、推進數字經濟合作
中國大力實施網絡強國戰略、國家信息化戰略、國家大數據戰略和“互聯網+”行動計劃，大力發展電子商務，著力推動互聯網與實體經濟深度融合，促進優化 資源配置，促進全要素生產率的提高。 在推動創新發展、轉變經濟增長方式、調整經濟結構中發揮積極作用。
中國秉持公平、開放、競爭的市場理念，在發展自身的同時，堅持合作包容原則，推動全球投資貿易發展，推動全球數字經濟發展。 中國主張在國際社會促進公平、自由貿易，反對貿易壁壘和貿易保護主義，推動建立開放、安全的數字經濟環境，確保互聯網服務經濟發展和創新。 中方主張進一步推動實現公平、合理、普遍上網、互聯網技術普及和網絡語言多樣化，加強中國與其他國家和地區在網絡安全和信息技術領域的交流與合作，共同推動互聯網發展。 發展和創新互聯網技術，確保人人平等分享數字紅利，實現網絡空間可持續發展。
中國堅持以安全保障發展，以發展促進安全。 保持數字經濟健康強勁發展，既不能追求絕對安全阻礙發展活力，也不能限制開放和開放。
互操作性，禁錮技術創新，也不能以市場自由化、貿易自由化為由迴避必要的安全監管措施。 不同國家和地區的互聯網發展水平和網絡安全防護能力不同。 應為發展中國家提高網絡安全能力提供力所能及的幫助，彌合發展中國家與發達國家之間的“數字鴻溝”，實現數字經濟互利共贏。 彌補全球網絡安全的短板。
6.搭建線上文化交流平台
互聯網是傳播人類優秀文化、弘揚正能量的重要載體。 網絡空間是人類共同的精神家園。 各國應加強合作，共同肩負起利用互聯網傳承優秀文化的重任，培育和發展積極向上的互聯網文化，充分發揮文化在滋養人類、涵養社會、促進經濟發展等方面的重要作用， 共同推動網絡文明建設和網絡文化繁榮發展。
中國願同各國一道，充分發揮互聯網傳播平台優勢，通過互聯網搭建國際交流橋樑，促進各國優秀文化交流互鑑。 加強網絡文化傳播能力建設，促進國際網絡文化多元化發展，豐富人們的精神世界，推動人類文明進步。
第四章行動計劃
中國將積極參與網絡領域相關國際進程，加強雙邊、區域和國際對話與合作，增進國際互信，謀求共同發展，共同應對威脅，最終達成網絡空間國際規則。 為各方普遍接受，構建公平合理的全球網絡空間治理體系。
一、倡導和促進網絡空間的和平與穩定
參與雙邊和多邊互信措施討論，採取預防性外交措施，通過對話協商應對各種網絡安全威脅。
加強對話，研究網絡領域影響國際和平與安全的新威脅，共同遏制信息技術濫用，防止網絡空間軍備競賽。
推動國際社會討論網絡空間的和平性質，從維護國際安全和戰略互信、防止網絡衝突的角度研究國際法在網絡空間的適用。
二、推動以規則為基礎的網絡空間秩序建設
充分發揮聯合國在製定網絡空間國際規則方面的重要作用，支持和推動聯合國大會通過信息和網絡安全相關決議，積極推動和參與網絡空間國際規則等進程。 聯合國信息安全政府專家組。
上海合作組織成員國於2015年1月向聯合國大會提交了《信息安全國際行為準則》的更新文本。《行為準則》是世界上第一份全面系統闡述的文件 網絡空間行為準則。 它是中國和其他上合組織成員國為推動國際社會制定網絡空間行為準則而提供的重要公共安全產品。 中方將繼續就“一帶一路”倡議加強國際對話，爭取國際社會廣泛理解和支持。
支持國際社會普遍平等參與網絡問題國際討論和磋商。
三、繼續擴大網絡空間夥伴關係
中國致力於同國際社會各方建立廣泛的合作夥伴關係，積極拓展同各國網絡事務對話機制，廣泛開展雙邊網絡外交政策交流和務實合作。
舉辦世界互聯網大會（烏鎮峰會）等國際會議，繼續與有關國家舉辦雙邊互聯網論壇，在中日韓、東盟地區論壇、博鰲論壇等框架下舉辦互聯網問題研討會 亞等，拓展網絡對話合作平台。
推動和深化網絡領域務實合作
上合組織與金磚國家之間的安全。 推動東盟地區論壇網絡安全進程均衡發展。 積極推動和支持亞信、中非合作論壇、中阿合作論壇、中拉論壇、亞非法律協商組織等區域組織開展網絡安全合作。 推動APEC、G20等組織在互聯網和數字經濟領域開展合作的倡議。 探索與網絡領域其他區域組織的交流對話。
四、積極推進全球互聯網治理體系改革
參與聯合國信息社會世界峰會成果落實後續進程，推動國際社會鞏固和落實峰會成果共識，公平分享信息社會發展成果 信息社會。
推進聯合國互聯網治理論壇機制改革，推動論壇在互聯網治理中發揮更大作用。 加強論壇對互聯網治理事項的決策能力，推動論壇獲得穩定的資金來源，制定公開透明的相關成員遴选和報告提交程序。
參與旨在促進互聯網關鍵資源公平分配和管理的國際討論，積極推動ICANN的國際化改革，使其成為真正獨立的國際組織，不斷提高其決策的代表性和公開性、透明化的運作。 積極參與和推動世界經濟論壇“互聯網的未來”行動倡議等全球互聯網治理平台活動。
五、深化打擊網絡恐怖主義和網絡犯罪國際合作
討論國際社會合作打擊網絡恐怖主義的行為準則和具體措施，包括探討制定打擊網絡空間恐怖主義國際公約，增進國際社會打擊網絡犯罪和網絡恐怖主義的共識，提供依據 為各國開展專項執法合作。
支持和推動聯合國安理會在打擊網絡恐怖主義國際合作中發揮重要作用。
支持和推動聯合國打擊網絡犯罪工作，參與聯合國預防犯罪和刑事司法委員會、聯合國網絡犯罪問題政府專家組等機制的工作，推動全球網絡犯罪問題的討論和製定。 聯合國框架內打擊網絡犯罪的國際法律文書。
加強區域合作，依托亞太地區年會協調機制開展打擊信息技術犯罪合作，積極參與與東盟地區論壇等區域組織的相關合作，推動金磚國家製度安排 打擊網絡犯罪和網絡恐怖主義。
加強與其他國家的政策交流和執法合作，打擊網絡犯罪和網絡恐怖主義。 積極探索建立打擊網絡恐怖主義制度化對話交流平台，與各國警方建立雙邊警務合作機制，完善打擊網絡犯罪司法協助機制，加強打擊網絡犯罪技術經驗交流。
6.倡導保護公民隱私權等權益
支持聯合國大會和人權理事會就隱私保護問題進行討論，推動建立網絡空間個人隱私保護原則。 推動各國採取措施制止利用互聯網侵犯個人隱私，交流尊重和保護網絡空間個人隱私的做法和做法。
推動企業提高數據安全保護意識，支持企業加強行業自律，探討網絡空間個人信息保護最佳實踐。 推動政企合作，共同保護網絡空間個人隱私。
七、促進數字經濟發展和共享數字紅利
推動落實聯合國信息社會世界峰會確定的建設以人為本、以發展為導向、包容性的信息社會目標，推動落實2030年可持續發展議程。
支持互聯網創新
推動工業、農業、服務業數字化轉型。 促進中小微企業信息化發展。 促進對 ICT 領域的投資。 擴大寬帶接入，提高寬帶質量。 提高公眾的數字技能並增加數字包容性。 增強網上交易的可用性、完整性、保密性和可靠性，發展可信、穩定、可靠的互聯網應用。
支持向發展中國家提供網絡安全能力建設援助，包括技術轉讓、關鍵信息基礎設施建設和人員培訓等，將“數字鴻溝”轉化為數字機遇，讓更多發展中國家和人民共享 互聯網帶來的好處。 發展機會。
推動制定完善的網絡空間貿易規則，促進各國相關政策有效協調。 開展電子商務國際合作，提高通關和物流便利化水平。 保護知識產權，反對貿易保護主義，形成世界網絡市場，促進全球網絡經濟繁榮發展。
加強互聯網技術合作與共享，推動各國在網絡通信、移動互聯網、雲計算、物聯網、大數據等領域的技術合作，共同解決互聯網技術發展難題，共同推動新產業新發展 格式。 加強人才交流，共同培養網絡創新人才。
緊密結合“一帶一路”建設，推動和支持中國聯合製造、金融、信息通信等領域的互聯網企業率先走出去，按照公平原則參與國際競爭，共同探索 國際市場，構建跨境產業鏈體系。 鼓勵中國企業積極參與他國能力建設，幫助發展中國家發展遠程教育、遠程醫療、電子商務等產業，促進這些國家社會發展。
八、加強全球信息基礎設施建設和保護
共同推進全球信息基礎設施建設，暢通信息暢通。 推動與周邊國家和其他國家信息基礎設施互聯互通和“一帶一路”建設，讓更多國家和人民共享互聯網帶來的發展機遇。
加強國際合作，提高關鍵信息基礎設施保護意識，推動建立政府、行業、企業網絡安全信息有序共享機制，加強關鍵信息基礎設施及其重要數據的安全保護。
推動各國就關鍵信息基礎設施保護達成共識，制定關鍵信息基礎設施保護合作措施，加強關鍵信息基礎設施保護立法、經驗和技術交流。
推動各國加強預警防範、應急處置、科技創新、標準法規、信息共享等方面的合作，提高防範和應對網絡風險的能力。
九、促進網絡文化交流互鑑
推動各國網絡文化合作發展，讓互聯網充分展示各國各民族文明成果，成為文化交流互鑑的平台，增進各國人民情感交流和精神交流。 將動漫遊戲產業作為重點領域之一，務實開展與“一帶一路”沿線國家的文化合作，鼓勵中國企業充分依托當地文化資源，提供差異化的網絡文化產品和服務。 利用國內外網絡文化博覽交易平台，推動中國網絡文化產品走出去。 支持中國企業參加國際重要網絡文化展覽。 推動互聯網文化企業海外落地。
結論
21世紀是網絡和信息技術的時代。 在新的歷史起點上，中國提出了建設網絡強國的宏偉目標。 這是實施“四個全面”戰略的重要舉措
佈局，是實現“兩個一百年”奮鬥目標和中華民族偉大復興中國夢的必然選擇。 選擇。 中國始終是網絡空間的建設者、維護者和貢獻者。 中國互聯網信息產業的發展，不僅造福於中國人民，也將為全球互聯網的安全與發展作出貢獻。
在推進建設網絡強國戰略部署的同時，中國將秉持以合作共贏為核心的新型國際關係理念，致力於同國際社會攜手加強溝通交流，深化互利合作 ，打造新的合作夥伴，打造人類命運共同體，為建設安全、穩定、繁榮的網絡空間作出更大貢獻。
資料來源：中國外交部
