Full Text of China Military Reform Commission

中華人民共和國軍委發布軍事改革意見全文

http://news.sina.com   2016年01月01日

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, January 1 – Approved by the CMC Chairman Xi Jinping, the Central Military Commission recently issued “on deepening the reform of national defense and military advice.”

“Opinions” stressed eighteen since the party’s Central Military Commission and President Xi on the realization of strong military objectives, overall army more revolutionary, modernized and standardized, co-ordinate military construction and operation, co-ordination of economic development and national defense construction develop military strategic policy under the new situation, and proposed a series of major policies and principles, make a series of major decisions and plans. Implement the Party Central Committee and the Central Military Commission and President Xi major strategic planning and strategic design, we must deepen defense and military reform, full implementation of the reform and strengthening the military strategy, unswervingly take the road of Chinese characteristics, a strong army.

“Opinions” that deepen defense and military reform guiding ideology, thoroughly implement the party’s 18 and eighteenth session of the Third, Fourth, Fifth Plenum, Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, “Three represents “important thought, the scientific concept of development as guidance, thoroughly implement the important speech of President Xi series is especially important to discuss defense and army building, according to the” four comprehensive “strategic layout requirements in order to target the party strong army under the new situation is lead and implement the military strategic principle in the new situation, the full implementation of the reform strategy of strengthening the military, efforts to address the constraints of national defense and military development of the institutional barriers and structural problems, policy issues, and promote the modernization of the military organizational form, further emancipate and develop combat effectiveness, further liberation army and enhance the vitality of the construction with China’s international status commensurate with the interests of national security and development to adapt to the consolidation of national defense and powerful armed forces, to achieve “two hundred years” goal to achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese dream to provide a strong assurance.

“Opinions” stressed, deepen reform of national defense and the armed forces should adhere to the following basic principles: adhere to the correct political orientation, focusing adhere to fight, persist in innovation-driven, adhere to the system design, adhere to the rule of law thinking, actively and steadily adhere to.

“Opinions” that deepen defense and military reform overall objective is to firmly grasp the principle of “total JMC tube, main battle theater, built in the main military services” to the leadership of the management system, joint operational command system reform, focusing on promoting the coordination of the scale structure , policy and institutional reform and the development of military and civilian integration depth. 2020, a breakthrough in the leadership and management system, joint operational command system, optimizing the size of the structure, improve the policy system to promote achieved important results on the integration of military and civilian aspects of the depth development of reform, efforts to build able to win the information war effectively fulfill its mission mandate Chinese characteristics of modern military system, and further improve the military system of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

“Opinions” to define the leadership and management system, joint operational command system, the size of the military structure, forces, and military personnel training, policies and systems, military and civilian integration, Wuzhuangjingcha Forces Command management system and force structure, military legal system and other aspects of major task.

“Opinions” stressed deepen defense and military reform is a holistic, revolutionary change, must always be under the unified leadership of the Central Military Commission and Chairman of the study, thoroughly implement the spirit of the Central Military Commission Reform Work Conference, adhere to strengthen education, unity Thought throughout, to strengthen the responsibility to implement the fine drop throughout to promote the law, moving steadily through to the end, the bottom line thinking, risk management and control throughout, with strong organizational leadership to ensure that the reform task is satisfactorily completed.

CMC views on deepening the reform of national defense and army (full text)

To implement the Party Central Committee and President Xi’s strategic decisions and directions, push forward to deepen defense and military reform, made the following comments.

First, the significance of the reform of the guiding ideology and basic principles

(A) significant. Deepen defense and military reform, China is to realize a dream, the dream of a strong army requirements of the times, is the only way the army Hing strong army, the army also decided to move a key to the future. Eighteen years, the CPC Central Committee, the Central Military Commission and Chairman of the party’s study on the realization of a strong army targets, co-ordinate the army more revolutionary, modernized and standardized, co-ordinate military construction and operation, co-ordination of economic development and national defense construction, the development of the new situation military strategy proposes a series of major policies and principles, make a series of major decisions and plans. Implement the Party Central Committee and the Central Military Commission and President Xi major strategic planning and strategic design, we must deepen defense and military reform, full implementation of the reform and strengthening the military strategy, unswervingly take the road of Chinese characteristics, a strong army. This is to deal with in today’s world of unprecedented large change in the situation will inevitably require the effective maintenance of national security; adhere to and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics, promote the coordination necessary requirement “four comprehensive” strategic layout; the goal is to implement a strong army and military strategic policy , fulfill military missions and tasks necessary requirement. The army to fully understand the importance of deepening the reform of national defense and military necessity urgency, a high degree of historical awareness and a strong mission to play unswervingly deepen defense and military reform, efforts to hand over the party and the people a satisfactory answer.

(B) the guiding ideology. Thoroughly implement the party’s 18 and eighteenth session of the Third, Fourth, Fifth Plenum, Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of “Three Represents”, the scientific concept of development as guidance, thoroughly implement the learning Chairman of the series especially important speech of defense and army building important expositions, in accordance with the “four comprehensive” strategic layout requirements in order to target the party strong army under the new situation for the lead, must implement the military strategic principle in the new situation, the full implementation of a strong army reform strategy, efforts to address the constraints of national defense and military development of institutional barriers and structural problems, policy issues, and promote the modernization of the military organizational form, further emancipate and develop combat effectiveness, further emancipate and enhance the vitality of the armed forces, building commensurate with China’s international status, with national security and development interests compatible consolidate national defense and powerful armed forces, to achieve “two hundred years” goal to achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese dream to provide a strong guarantee power.

(C) the fundamental principles

– Adhere to the correct political orientation. Consolidate and improve the party’s absolute leadership over the army’s fundamental principle and system, keeping the nature and purpose of the people’s army, and carry forward the glorious tradition and fine style of our military, the full implementation of the CMC chairman has overall responsibility to ensure that the military command of the supreme leadership of the Party Central Committee to focus on, CMC.

– To insist on focusing war. To adapt the form of war and the world development trend of the evolution of the military, fighting the only firmly established the fundamental standards, and effectively solve the preparations for military struggle to overcome difficult problems and combat heavy construction weaknesses, build integrated joint operations system, to enhance the army can fight, the ability to win the war.

– Adhere to innovation-driven. Implement through science and technology strategy, give full play to innovation in military theory, military technological innovation, military organizational innovation, management innovation traction and military role in promoting efforts to achieve military modernization construction by leaps and bounds, to seek greater military competitive advantage.

– Adhere to the system design. Grasping the reform initiatives of relevance, coupling, correctly handle the top-level design and stratification docking, long-term layout and transitional arrangements, supporting policy reform and relations, so that the reform and promote each other, complement each other to form the overall effect, best effect.

– Uphold the rule of law thinking. Give full play the leading role of the rule of law and norms of the reform, so that major reforms in the legal basis, reform and harmonize legislation, focusing on the use of curing the results of reform laws and regulations, to promote the rule of law reform on track.

– Actively and steadily adhere. Both our minds, trying to make this reform a breakthrough in the reform, and based on reality, steady hoof walked quickly grasp the rhythm of reform, the reform of control risk, take progressive, open the path of reform, to ensure high degree of stability and centralized.

Second, the overall objectives of the reform and main tasks

(1) the overall goal. Firmly grasp the principle of “total JMC tube, main battle theater, built in the main military services” to the leadership of the management system, joint operational command system reform, focusing on promoting the coordination of the scale structure, policies and systems and the development of military and civilian integration depth reform. 2020, a breakthrough in the leadership and management system, joint operational command system, optimizing the size of the structure, improve the policy system to promote achieved important results on the integration of military and civilian aspects of the depth development of reform, efforts to build able to win the information war effectively fulfill its mission mandate Chinese characteristics of modern military system, and further improve the military system of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

Accordance with the overall objectives and requirements, in 2015, focused on the implementation of organizational leadership and management system, joint operational command system reform; in 2016, organizing the implementation of the military structure and the size of a combat force structure, institutions, armed forces reform, basically completed the task of reforming stage; 2017 2020, for further adjustments related areas of reform, optimize and improve, continue to promote the reform in various fields. Policy regimes and civilian integration depth development and reform, promoting a mature one.

(2) leadership and administration system. Focus on strengthening the Central Military Commission centralized and unified leadership, strengthen strategic planning JMC authorities, strategic command, strategic management functions, optimizing the CMC Organs configuration and institutional settings, improve military services and new combat forces leadership and management system, the formation of decision-making, enforcement and oversight powers both check each other and coordinate the operation of the system.

Starting from the positioning functions, according to prominent core functions, integrate similar functions and strengthen oversight functions, fulfilling the coordination function of thinking, adjustment and reform of the Central Military Commission of Organization, headquarters for the system to adjust the multi-sectoral system. JMC delegated authority to act in the military services building functions, stripped specific management functions, merge similar adjustment similar functions, reducing the level of leadership, streamlining staffing and units directly under the command make, construction, management and supervision of four link more clear, decision-making, planning, implementation , the evaluation function configuration is more reasonable.

Sound armed services leadership and management system, optimize the configuration and functions of the organs of the military services institutional settings play an important role in the construction and management of the armed services and Security. Logistical support adjustment and reform leading management system, based on the existing joint logistics system, adjust and optimize the configuration and security forces leadership and command relationships and build joint operational command system to adapt, sub-system integration, through logistical support system designed two lines. Reform equipment development leadership and management system, build centralized system managed by the Central Military equipment department, armed services concrete construction and management, theater joint use of the institutional framework, the development of equipment construction to the Central Military equipment sector – the military services and equipment sector institutions, equipment management to ensure the implementation of the Central Military equipment sector – the military services and equipment sector – force security sector institutions. Strengthen the unified leadership of the national defense mobilization system.

(3) the joint operational command system. Adaptation Integrated Joint Operational Command requirements, establish and improve the Central Military Commission, the theater two joint operational command system, build peacetime one, normal operation, specially the main, capable and efficient, strategic and operational command system. Readjust the designation of the theater.

According to joint operations, joint command of the requirements, adjust the specification refers to linking the Central Military Commission, the military services, operational command functions of the Union refers to the theater and theater military services. And joint operational command system to adapt, and improve joint training system.

(4) the size of the military structure. Adhere to the road of fewer but better troops with Chinese characteristics and speeding up the army from quantity to quality and efficiency changes. Active duty military posts cut 300,000 troops gradually reduced the size of the 2.3 million 2 million. Optimize the proportion of military services, reduce non-combat institutions and personnel. Yajian officer positions.Optimization of weaponry scale structure, reduce equipment types of models, elimination of old equipment, the development of new equipment.

(5) Force compiled. Depending on the strategic direction of the security requirements and operational tasks, adjusting the structure, enhanced functions, optimize the layout, promote the composition of forces to the full, synthesis, and more energy, flexible direction. Optimize the structure of reserve forces, militia Yajian quantity, adjust the layout and strength marshalling mode.

(6) New Military Talents. Training of military personnel to follow the law, to build military educational institutions, military training practice, military personnel training system trinity of professional military education. Sound Central Military Commission, the leadership of the armed services two institutions management system, improve the early, middle and high three training system, adjust and optimize the structure of the scale institutions. Sound professional military education system, building full gamut of full-time professional military education platform. Creative Talents institutional mechanisms to strengthen the institutions and armed forces personnel were sterile.

(7) policy regimes. Military mission requirements and adapt the functions of national policy institutional innovation, further improve the military human resource policies and systems and logistics policies and systems, building reflects the characteristics of military occupation, and enhance the military sense of honor pride policy institutional system. Adjustment of military personnel classification, and gradually establish the rank-dominated hierarchy, to promote the professional military officers, military service system reform, non-commissioned officers system, civilian system. Veterans resettlement policies and improve the management mechanism.Deepening the management of funds, material procurement reform, construction and military wages, housing, health care, insurance and other systems. Full cessation of the armed forces to carry out foreign paid services.

(8) development of military and civilian integration. Full focus on the formation of elements, multi-field, high-effective civil-military integration depth development pattern, building a unified leadership, military coordination, smooth and efficient organization and management system, state-led, demand traction, market unity of the work of running the system, the system is complete, Joining a complete, effective incentive policies institutional system. Categories related fields to promote the reform and improve the regulatory system and the development of military and civilian integration of innovation and development mechanisms.

(9) Wuzhuangjingcha Forces Command management system and force structure. Strengthening the Central Military Commission of the centralized and unified leadership of the armed forces, the armed forces command to adjust the management system, optimize the structure and troop strength compiled.

(10) the system of military rule. Fully implement the Law forces strictly policy, improved army, to achieve fundamental to the administration by law fundamental shift from the way of simply relying on experience working habits and working practices from relying solely on executive order to rely on rules and regulations of the transition from assault-style, campaign-style grab a fundamental change to the way work according to rules and regulations act. Improve the legal system for the military and military Falvguwen system, reform the military justice system and mechanism innovation discipline inspection and supervision system and inspection system, improve the audit system mechanisms to improve the military legal talent management system, establish the rule of law and procedural rules improve the organization, improve national defense and army the level of the rule of law.

Third, the reform of organizational leadership

Deepen defense and military reform is a holistic, revolutionary change, big efforts to promote the wide, deep touch interests, of unprecedented scope, must always be under the unified leadership of the Central Military Commission and Chairman of the study, thoroughly implement the Central Military Commission the spirit of reform work conference, adhere to strengthen education and unity of thought throughout to strengthen the responsibility falls fine implementation throughout to promote the law, moving steadily through to the end, the bottom line thinking, risk control throughout, with strong organizational leadership to ensure that all reforms task is satisfactorily completed.

(A) strengthen the responsibility at all levels of play. Party committees at all levels should focus on reform initiatives landing capability as an important political responsibility, improve the leadership of reform, give full play to the core leadership role, mainly to be a good leader first responsibility. Investigation should run through the whole process of reform, deepen the major theoretical and practical issues research, to discover and solve new problems. To establish and improve the supervision and assessment mechanism reform, strengthen supervision and inspection of the implementation of the reform. Each institutional reform departments at all levels must closely cooperate to create synergy, the Central Military Commission to guide the working group set up to further adjust the unit to strengthen tracking guidance, specific guidance, full guidance, the Central Military Commission inspection teams launched simultaneously inspections. Reform of the Central Military Commission and the Office to improve the preparation of the relevant mechanisms play a good co-ordination, supervision, role. Four general headquarters is necessary to do their own adjustment and reform, reform of the army but also a good guide. The new Central Military Commission after the establishment of organs and departments should pay close attention to improve the operational mechanism, into the role as soon as possible, to perform their duties. Newly formed units to adjust and improve the timely establishment of Party organizations, to strengthen the organization and leadership of the reform implementation. Each institution should take responsibility for the aftermath, and properly handle all kinds of problems left.

(B) to strengthen ideological and political work. Organization officers and soldiers in-depth study President Xi series of important expositions on deepening defense and military reform, special education organizations do a good job, deepening ideological mobilization, the army unity of thought and action to the Central Military Commission and President Xi decision-making arrangements . Senior leading organs and Gaojiganbu first common understanding, lead politics, the overall situation, discipline, promoting reform, diligence, under the above rate, the army looks good.The ideological and political work throughout the entire process of reform, the ideological trend of concern at all levels, targeted to do the work, and guide all levels to strengthen political awareness, overall awareness, sense of command and guide the officers and men turn their concepts, new ideas, and consciously from the overall high level of awareness reform unified in emancipating the mind and thought, the correct treatment adjustment of interests, and actively support, support and participate in the reform. Attaches great importance to public opinion to guide online public opinion in particular, to work, take the initiative battle, spread positive energy, to promote the reform to create a good atmosphere for public opinion.

(C) improve solid adjustment of cadres placement. The reform process as a process of strengthening the construction of the contingent of cadres, cadres carry out military standards, establish the correct employment-oriented, adhere to all over the world, merit, ability and political integrity adhere to Germany first, do a good job with leadership adjustment, selecting the right with a good cadres to firmly implement strong military goals, and actively reform plan, strongly supported the reform, the courage to join in the reform of the cadres to use. The proper placement of the backbone with retention, improve the structure together, the scientific development of cadres and resettlement plan for the adjustment, reasonably determine the fate of the advance and retreat of cadres, cadres of concern and resolve practical difficulties. Cadres should promote the reform as a showcase for the best stage talent, tempered and tested in the reform, to become promoters of reform and doers. Veteran is a valuable asset of the party and the army, security services need to carefully prepare cadres continue to work.

(D) the transfer of well-organized transfer scribe. Do a good job of personnel, materials, and funds transfer work to ensure that the old system is not out of control during the transition staff, assets are not lost, all work seamlessly. Strict military land, barracks management and ensure the transfer of the camp barracks facilities to adjust and do remedial work in construction. Comprehensive verification, financial and material base. Follow organizational security of supply in a timely manner to resolve various contradictions and problems encountered in the supply, to ensure continuous supply, not for the leak. A solid job in the transfer of weapons and equipment inventory, well-organized deployment of security equipment, equipment management and strictly implement the provisions.

(E) the strict implementation of disciplinary regulations. The more critical time of reform, the more discipline and rules put in front of the very strict political discipline, organizational discipline, and personnel discipline, financial discipline, discipline, and discipline of secrecy. Strictly political discipline and political rules, resolutely oppose Ziyouzhuyi action on organizational politics. Serious organizational and personnel discipline, adhere to the principle of press policy outlaw follow procedures. Properly handle the reality of military conflicts and problems left by history. Discipline, inspection and auditing departments should strengthen supervision and discipline, and severely punish all kinds of violation of discipline problems during the adjustment and reform.

(F) do a good job overall troop readiness training management. Pay close attention to national security and social stability during the reform period, the development of a major emergency situations response plans to improve and strictly implement the provisions of Gongzuozhidu combat readiness, combat readiness duty to maintain efficient operation of the system at all levels, to ensure that if something happens to timely and effective response. Careful planning organization’s annual military training mission. Strengthen military management, the implementation of security responsibility, to discover and solve trends and tendencies problem, prevent the occurrence of major accidents and cases, maintaining stability and security forces centralized.

Original Mandarin Chinese:

新華社北京1月1日電　經中央軍委主席習近平批准，中央軍委近日印發了《關於深化國防和軍隊改革的意見》。

《意見》強調，黨的十八大以來，黨中央、中央軍委和習主席圍繞實現強軍目標，統籌軍隊革命化、現代化、正規化建設，統籌軍事力量建設和運用，統籌經濟建設和國防建設，制定新形勢下軍事戰略方針，提出一系列重大方針原則，作出一系列重大決策部署。貫​​徹落實黨中央、中央軍委和習主席的重大戰略謀劃和戰略設計， 必須深化國防和軍隊改革，全面實施改革強軍戰略，堅定不移走中國特色強軍之路。

《意見》指出，深化國防和軍隊改革的指導思想是，深入貫徹黨的十八大和十八屆三中、四中、五中全會精神，以馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想、鄧小平理論、“三個代表”重要思想、科學發展觀為指導，深入貫徹習主席系列重要講話精神特別是國防和軍隊建設重要論述，按照“四個全面”戰略佈局要求，以黨在新形勢下的強軍目標為引領，貫徹新形勢下軍事戰略方針，全面實施改革強軍戰略，著力解決制約國防和軍隊發展的體制性障礙、結構性矛盾、政策性問題，推進軍隊組織形態現代化，進一步解放和發展戰鬥力，進一步解放和增強軍隊活力，建設同我國國際地位相稱、同國家安全和發展利益相適應的鞏固國防和強大軍隊，為實現“兩個一百年”奮鬥目標、實現中華民族偉大復興的中國夢提供堅強力量保證。

《意見》強調，深化國防和軍隊改革要堅持以下基本原則：堅持正確政治方向，堅持向打仗聚焦，堅持創新驅動，堅持體系設計，堅持法治思維，堅持積極穩妥。

《意見》指出，深化國防和軍隊改革總體目標是，牢牢把握“軍委管總、戰區主戰、軍種主建”的原則，以領導管理體制、聯合作戰指揮體制改革為重點，協調推進規模結構、政策制度和軍民融合深度發展改革。 2020年前，在領導管理體制、聯合作戰指揮體制改革上取得突破性進展，在優化規模結構、完善政策制度、推動軍民融合深度發展等方面改革上取得重要成果，努力構建能夠打贏信息化戰爭、有效履行使命任務的中國特色現代軍事力量體系，進一步完善中國特色社會主義軍事制度。

《意見》明確了領導管理體制、聯合作戰指揮體制、軍隊規模結構、部隊編成、新型軍事人才培養、政策制度、軍民融合發展、武裝警察部隊指揮管理體制和力量結構、軍事法治體係等方面的主要任務。

《意見》強調，深化國防和軍隊改革是一場整體性、革命性變革，必須始終在黨中央、中央軍委和習主席的統一領導下，深入貫徹中央軍委改革工作會議精神，堅持把加強教育、統一思想貫穿始終，把強化責任、落細落實貫穿始終，把依法推進、穩扎穩打貫穿始終，把底線思維、管控風險貫穿始終，以堅強有力的組織領導保證各項改革任務圓滿完成。

中央軍委關於深化國防和軍隊改革的意見（全文）

為貫徹落實黨中央、習主席的戰略部署和決策指示，紮實推進深化國防和軍隊改革，提出如下意見。

一、改革的重大意義、指導思想和基本原則

（一）重大意義。深化國防和軍隊改革，是實現中國夢、強軍夢的時代要求，是強軍興軍的必由之路，也是決定軍隊未來的關鍵一招。黨的十八大以來，黨中央、中央軍委和習主席圍繞實現強軍目標，統籌軍隊革命化、現代化、正規化建設，統籌軍事力量建設和運用，統籌經濟建設和國防建設，制定新形勢下軍事戰略方針，提出一系列重大方針原則，作出一系列重大決策部署。貫​​徹落實黨中央、中央軍委和習主席的重大戰略謀劃和戰略設計，必須深化國防和軍隊改革，全面實施改革強軍 戰略，堅定不移走中國特色強軍之路。這是應對當今世界前所未有之大變局，有效維護國家安全的必然要求；是堅持和發展中國特色社會主義，協調推進“四個全面”戰略佈局的必然要求；是貫徹落實強軍目標和軍事戰略方針，履行好軍隊使命任務的必然要求。全軍要充分認清深化國防和軍隊改革的重要性必要性緊迫性，以 高度的歷史自覺和強烈的使命擔當堅定不移深化國防和軍隊改革，努力交出黨和人民滿意的答卷。

（二）指導思想。深入貫徹黨的十八大和十八屆三中、四中、五中全會精神，以馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想、鄧小平理論、“三個代表”重要思想、科學發展觀為指導，深入貫徹習主席系列重要講話精神特別是國防和軍隊建設重要論述，按照“四個全面”戰略佈局要求，以黨在新形勢下的強軍目標為引領，貫徹新形勢下軍事戰略方針，全面實施改革強軍戰略，著力解決制約國防和軍隊發展的體制性障礙、結構性矛盾、政策性問題，推進軍隊組織形態現代化，進一步解放和發展戰鬥力， 進一步解放和增強軍隊活力，建設同我國國際地位相稱、同國家安全和發展利益相適應的鞏固國防和強大軍隊，為實現“兩個一百年”奮鬥目標、實現中華民族偉大復興的中國夢提供堅強力量保證。

（三）基本原則

——堅持正確政治方向。鞏固完善黨對軍隊絶對領導的根本原則和製度，保持人民軍隊的性質和宗旨，發揚我軍的光榮傳統和優良作風，全面落實軍委主席負責制，確保軍隊最高領導權指揮權​​集中於黨中央、中央軍委。

——堅持向打仗聚焦。適應戰爭形態演變和世界軍事發展趨勢，牢固確立戰鬥力這個唯一的根本的標準，切實解決和克服軍事鬥爭準備重難點問題和戰鬥力建設薄弱環節，構建一體化聯合作戰體系，全面提升我軍能打仗、打勝仗能力。

——堅持創新驅動。貫​​徹科技強軍戰略，充分發揮軍事理論創新、軍事技術創新、軍事組織創新、軍事管理創新的牽引和推動作用，努力實現我軍現代化建設跨越式發展，謀取更大軍事競爭優勢。

——堅持體系設計。科學把握改革舉措的關聯性、耦合性，正確處理頂層設計與分層對接、長期佈局與過渡安排、體制改革與政策配套的關係，使各項改革相互促進、相得益彰，形成總體效應、取得最佳效果。

——堅持法治思維。充分發揮法治對改革的引領和規範作用，做到重大改革於法有據、改革與立法相協調，注重運用法規制度固化改革成果，在法治軌道上推進改革。

——堅持積極穩妥。既解放思想、與時俱進，努力使這次改革成為突破性的改革，又立足現實、蹄疾步穩，把握改革節奏，控制改革風險，走漸進式、開放式的改革路子，確保部隊高度穩定和集中統一。

二、改革的總體目標和主要任務

（一）總體目標。牢牢把握“軍委管總、戰區主戰、軍種主建”的原則，以領導管理體制、聯合作戰指揮體制改革為重點，協調推進規模結構、政策制度和軍民融合 深度發展改革。 2020年前，在領導管理體制、聯合作戰指揮體制改革上取得突破性進展，在優化規模結構、完善政策制度、推動軍民融合深度發展等方面改革上取得重要成果，努力構建能夠打贏信息化戰爭、有效履行使命任務的中國特色現代軍事力量體系，進一步完善中國特色社會主義軍事制度。

按照總體目標要求，2015年，重點組織實施領導管理體制、聯合作戰指揮體制改革；2016年，組織實施軍隊規模結構和作戰力量體系、院校、武警部隊改革，基本完成階段性改革任務；2017年至2020年，對相關領域改革作進一步調整、優化和完善，持續推進各領域改革。政策制度和軍民融合深度發展改革， 成熟一項推進一項。

（二）領導管理體制。著眼加強軍委集中統一領導，強化軍委機關的戰略謀劃、戰略指揮、戰略管理職能，優化軍委機關職能配置和機構設置，完善軍種和新型作戰力量領導管理體制，形成決策權、執行權、監督權既相互制約又相互協調的運行體系。

從職能定位入手，按照突出核心職能、整合相近職能、加強監督職能、充實協調職能的思路，調整改革軍委機關設置，由總部製調整為多部門制。軍委機關下放代行的軍種建設職能，剝離具體管理職能，調整歸併同類相近職能，減少領導層級，精簡編製員額和直屬單位，使指揮、建設、管理、監督四條鏈路更加清晰，決策、規劃、執行、評估職能配置更加合理。

健全軍種領導管理體制，優化軍種機關職能配置和機構設置，發揮軍種在建設管理和保障中的重要作用。調整改革後勤保障領導管理體制，以現行聯勤保障體製為基 礎，調整優化保障力量配置和領導指揮關係，構建與聯合作戰指揮體制相適應，統分結合、通專兩綫的後勤保障體制。改革裝備發展領導管理體制，構建由軍委裝備部門集中統管、軍種具體建管、戰區聯合運用的體制架構，裝備發展建設實行軍委裝備部門—軍種裝備部門體制，裝備管理保障實行軍委裝備部門—軍種裝備部門— 部隊保障部門體制。加強國防動員系統的統一領導。

（三）聯合作戰指揮體制。適應一體化聯合作戰指揮要求，建立健全軍委、戰區兩級聯合作戰指揮體制，構建平戰一體、常態運行、專司主營、精幹高效的戰略戰役指揮體系。重新調整劃設戰區。

按照聯合作戰、聯合指揮的要求，調整規範軍委聯指、各軍種、戰區聯指和戰區軍種的作戰指揮職能。與聯合作戰指揮體制相適應，完善聯合訓練體制。

（四）軍隊規模結構。堅持走中國特色精兵之路，加快推進軍隊由數量規模型向質量效能型轉變。裁減軍隊現役員額30萬，軍隊規模由230萬逐步減至200 萬。優化軍種比例，減少非戰鬥機構和人員。壓減軍官崗位。優化武器裝備規模結構，減少裝備型號種類，淘汰老舊裝備，發展新型裝備。

（五）部隊編成。依據不同戰略方向安全需求和作戰任務，調整結構、強化功能、優化佈局，推動部隊編成向充實、合成、多能、靈活方向發展。優化預備役部隊結構，壓減民兵數量，調整力量佈局和編組模式。

（六）新型軍事人才培養。遵循軍事人才培養規律，構建軍隊院校教育、部隊訓練實踐、軍事職業教育三位一體的新型軍事人才培養體系。健全軍委、軍種兩級院校 領導管理體制，完善初、中、高三級培訓體系，調整優化院校規模結構。健全軍事職業教育體系，構建全員全時全域軍事職業教育平台。創新人才培養制度機制，加 強院校與部隊共育人才。

（七）政策制度。適應軍隊職能任務需求和國家政策制度創新，進一步完善軍事人力資源政策制度和後勤政策制度，構建體現軍事職業特點、增強軍人榮譽感自豪感 的政策制度體系。調整軍隊人員分類，逐步建立軍銜主導的等級制度，推進軍官職業化，改革兵役制度、士官制度、文職人員制度。完善退役軍人安置政策和管理機 構。深化經費管理、物資採購、工程建設和軍人工資、住房、醫療、保險等製度改革。全面停止軍隊開展對外有償服務。

（八）軍民融合發展。著眼形成全要素、多領域、高效益的軍民融合深度發展格局，構建統一領導、軍地協調、順暢高效的組織管理體系，國家主導、需求牽引、市場運作相統一的工作運行體系，系統完備、銜接配套、有效激勵的政策制度體系。分類推進相關領域改革，健全軍民融合發展法規制度和創新發展機制。

（九）武裝警察部隊指揮管理體制和力量結構。加強中央軍委對武裝力量的集中統一領導，調整武警部隊指揮管理體制，優化力量結構和部隊編成。

（十）軍事法治體系。全面貫徹依法治軍、從嚴治軍方針，改進治軍方式，實現從單純依靠行政命令的做法向依法行政的根本性轉變，從單純靠習慣和經驗開展工作的方式向依靠法規和製度開展工作的根本性轉變，從突擊式、運動式抓工作的方式向按條令條例辦事的根本性轉變。健全軍事法規制度體系和軍事法律顧問制度，改革軍事司法體制機制，創新紀檢監察體制和巡視制度，完善審計體制機制，改進軍事法律人才管理制度，建立健全組織法制和程序規則，全面提高國防和軍隊建設法治化水平。

三、改革的組織領導

深化國防和軍隊改革是一場整體性、革命性變革，推進力度之大、觸及利益之深、影響範圍之廣前所未有，必須始終在黨中央、中央軍委和習主席的統一領導下，深入貫徹中央軍委改革工作會議精神，堅持把加強教育、統一思想貫穿始終，把強化責任、落細落實貫穿始終，把依法推進、穩扎穩打貫穿始終，把底線思維、管控風險貫穿始終，以堅強有力的組織領導保證各項改革任務圓滿完成。

（一）強化各級責任擔當。各級黨委要把抓改革舉措落地作為重要政治責任，提高領導改革的能力，充分發揮核心領導作用，主要領導要當好第一責任人。要把調查 研究貫穿改革實施全過程，深化對重大理論和實踐問題研究，及時發現和解決新情況新問題。要建立健全改革評估和督查機制，加強對改革落實情況的督導檢查。各 級各部門各改革機構要密切配合、形成合力，軍委指導工作組要深入調整組建單位，加強跟蹤指導、具體指導、全程指導，軍委巡視組同步展開巡視工作。軍委改革 和編製辦公室要完善相關機制，發揮好統籌、協調、督促、推動作用。四總部既要做好自身調整改革，又要指導好全軍改革。新的軍委機關部門成立後，要抓緊完善 運行機制，盡快進入角色、履行職責。新調整組建的單位要及時建立健全黨組織，加強對改革實施工作的組織領導。各善後工作機構要負起責任，妥善處理各類遺留 問題。

（二）加強思想政治工作。組織全軍官兵深入學習習主席關於深化國防和軍隊改革一系列重要論述，組織抓好專題教育，深入進行思想發動，把全軍的思想和行動統一到黨中央、中央軍委和習主席決策部署上來。高層領率機關和高級幹部首先要統一認識，帶頭講政治、顧大局、守紀律、促改革、盡職責，以上率下，為全軍做好 樣子。把思想政治工作貫穿改革全過程，關注各級思想動態，有針對性地做工作，引導各級強化政治意識、大局意識、號令意識，引導官兵轉變理念、更新觀念，自覺站在全局高度認識改革，在解放思想中統一思想，正確對待利益調整，積極擁護、支持、參與改革。高度重視輿論引導特別是網上輿論工作，打好主動仗，傳播正 能量，為推進改革營造良好輿論氛圍。

（三）紮實搞好幹部調整安置。把推進改革的過程作為加強幹部隊伍建設的過程，貫徹軍隊好幹部標準，樹立正確用人導向，堅持五湖四海、任人唯賢，堅持德才兼備、以德為先，搞好領導班子調整配備，選準用好幹部，把堅定貫徹強軍目標、積極謀劃改革、堅決支持改革、勇於投身改​​革的好幹部用起來。把妥善安置同保留骨 幹、改善結構結合起來，科學制定幹部調整安置計劃方案，合理確定幹部進退去留，關心和解決幹部實際困難。廣大幹部要把推進改革作為展示才能的最好舞台，在 改革中經受鍛煉和考驗，爭做改革的促進派和實幹家。老乾部是黨和軍隊的寶貴財富，要精心做好老乾部服務保障接續工作。

（四）嚴密組織轉隸交接。認真搞好人員、物資、經費等交接工作，確保新舊體制轉換期間人員不失控，資産不流失，各項工作無縫銜接。嚴格軍用土地、營房管 理，抓好營區營房設施調整交接，做好在建工程善後工作。全面核實經費物資底數。跟進組織供應保障，及時解決供應中遇到的各種矛盾和問題，確保不斷供、不漏 供。紮實做好武器裝備清點移交，周密組織裝備調配保障，嚴格落實裝備管理各項規定。

（五）嚴格執行各項紀律規定。越是改革的關鍵時刻，越要把紀律和規矩挺在前面，嚴格政治紀律、組織紀律、人事紀律、財經紀律、群眾紀律、保密紀律。嚴守政 治紀律和政治規矩，堅決反對政治上組織上行動上的自由主義。嚴肅組織人事紀律，堅持按原則按政策按規矩按程序辦事。妥善處理軍地現實矛盾和歷史遺留問題。紀檢、巡視、審計部門要加強執紀監督，嚴肅查處調整改革期間各類違規違紀問題。

（六）統籌抓好部隊戰備訓練管理。密切關注改革期間國家安全和社會穩定，制定完善應對重大突發情況預案，嚴格落實戰備工作制度規定，保持各級戰備值班體系 高效運行，確保一旦有事能夠及時有效應對。周密籌劃組織年度軍事訓練任務。加強部隊管理，落實安全責任，及時發現和解決苗頭性、傾向性問題，防止發生重大 事故和案件，保持部隊安全穩定和集中統一。

Original Source: XinHua Military News