中國人民解放軍積極應對智能化作戰挑戰

Chinese People’s Liberation Army Actively Responding to the Challenge of Intelligent Warfare

In recent years, the wave of intelligence has surged and has been widely used in the military field. Major countries in the world attach great importance to the construction and application of military intelligence, and various unmanned combat platforms and intelligent weapons and equipment continue to appear, and they are installed in troops and put into actual combat. In the face of the accelerated evolution of intelligent warfare, only by seizing development opportunities, actively responding to challenges, accelerating the development of military intelligence, and accelerating the forging of intelligent combat capabilities can we seize the strategic initiative of intelligent warfare and win future intelligent warfare.

Focusing on designing wars to create intelligent theory

Military theory comes from combat practice and is used to guide combat practice. Restricted by various conditions in the past, military theory research was mostly “looking backwards”, that is, summarizing battle examples to form combat guidance. With the rapid development of modern technology, especially big data, cloud computing and other disruptive technologies, the research on combat theory has got rid of the traditional follow-up and inductive reasoning mode, and has entered a new era of experimental warfare and design warfare. New disruptive technologies in the field of intelligence have opened up new space for military theory innovation. To this end, we should create a basic theory of intelligent warfare in accordance with the idea of ​​”proposing concepts-needs analysis-innovating theories”, and conduct in-depth research on the concept connotation, essential characteristics, war guidance, combat styles, offensive and defensive actions, winning mechanisms, etc. of intelligent warfare. Features and laws, etc.; innovate intelligent combat methods and methods, give full play to the overall effectiveness of the intelligent combat system, strengthen research on new intelligent combat methods and methods such as man-machine collaborative intelligent combat, intelligent robot combat, and intelligent unmanned swarm combat, as well as intelligent Combat command, the process and methods of intelligent combat support, etc.; focus on effectively responding to the threat of intelligent combat, and research strategies to defeat the enemy, such as intelligent interdiction warfare and intelligent disruption warfare. These theories are the cornerstone of the theoretical system of intelligent warfare. In the future, the theory of war centered on strengthening “controlling intellectual power” and competing for “algorithm-centric warfare” will most likely replace the theory of warfare centered on “network-centric warfare.”

Focus on cross-domain interconnection and explore intelligent forms

The military organization is the link connecting military technology and combat theory, and the lever to exert the overall combat effectiveness of the military. Modern combat places more emphasis on “elite combat under the support of a large system”, that is, supported by the joint combat system, “fine front and strong back”, according to the idea of ​​”integrated design, modular formation, and combined application”, the formation is more precise and more accurate. The powerful combat module enables the maximum release of combat energy. The organization of the future intelligent warfare system will be based on strategies, campaigns, and tactics at different levels and different arms and arms, and will form different types and purposes of small, multi-functional and intelligent new joint combat forces. According to the requirements of reconfigurability, scalability and self-adaptation, the intelligentized combat network can seamlessly link and flexibly organize individual weapon platforms according to changes in the enemy situation and battlefield environment, and then aggregate them to form System advantages, forming a combat module integrating offense and defense. The intelligent new combat force system is a comprehensive product of the development of artificial intelligence technology, the formation of new combat capabilities, and the evolution of war forms. new growth point.

Focus on the integration of man and machine to develop intelligent weapons With the development of information technology and intelligent technology, whoever can win in the field of artificial intelligence is expected to have the initiative in future military confrontation. We should focus on the dual needs of intelligent warfare system operations and intelligent weapon equipment system construction, do a good job in top-level design and overall planning, compile a road map for the development of intelligent weapon equipment systems, and develop high, medium, low-end, low-end, and Large, medium and small, long-range and short-range, covering space fields such as land, sea, air, space, electricity, and networks, and an intelligent unmanned combat equipment system that matches combat and support, and establishes a “human-led, machine-assisted, mixed formation, joint “Operation” manned-unmanned cooperation system, enhance the system integration of various military arms and various intelligent weapons and equipment such as operations and support. Intelligent unmanned combat system is a new trend in the development of future war equipment. Its core is to aim at the requirements of “zero casualties”, “full coverage” and “fast response” in future wars, and make full use of new theories, new materials, new processes, new energy, and new technology development achievements in two aspects: man-machine collaboration and autonomous action. Continuously make breakthroughs, build a three-level unmanned equipment sys

tem of strategy, campaign, and tactics, build a new type of intelligent unmanned division on a large scale, and realize the systematic and coordinated operations of unmanned combat systems. At the same time, we should focus on the needs of unmanned and anti-unmanned, intelligent and anti-intelligent operations, and focus on the development of anti-enemy intelligent unmanned combat weaponry systems to ensure effective intelligent unmanned offensive and defensive confrontation with the enemy.

Focus on ability compound innovation intelligent training

The professional division of labor in modern warfare is becoming more and more detailed, and the entire combat system is becoming more and more complex, which promotes the transition from manpower-intensive to technology-intensive operations, requiring combatants not only to have good physical fitness, but also to have good technical literacy and intellectual advantages , to meet the needs of different combat missions, combat environments, and combat opponents. Military intelligence puts forward higher requirements on the quality of people. Correspondingly, intelligent military talents should have the characteristics of group talents, sophisticated skills, complex knowledge, innovative thinking, and intelligent decision-making. Intelligent warfare will be a war carried out by the combination of man and machine, and the combat force with the intelligent unmanned combat system as the main body will play an increasingly important role. The effective combination of high-quality personnel and intelligent weapons can maximize combat effectiveness. It is necessary to adapt to the new characteristics of the intelligent warfare force system, innovate and develop the concept of intelligent training, and explore a new model for the generation of intelligent warfare combat power. At present, artificial intelligence technology can create a more “real” weapon operation experience and battlefield environment, and can realistically interpret the combat process, assist decision-making and command, and evaluate combat concepts. To this end, adapt to the new characteristics of the intelligent warfare force system, focus on the improvement of the self-command, self-control, and self-combat capabilities of the intelligent combat system, and make full use of the characteristics of the intelligent system that can self-game and self-growth, forming a special strategy for intelligent warfare. Combat system training system, training environment and training mechanism, strengthen “human” control of intelligent system training, and explore a new training mode with “machine” as the main object. In this way, the intelligent combat system can obtain a leap in combat capability after short-term self-intensive training, so as to cope with the test of disorder, complexity and uncertainty in the future combat environment.

Focusing on Accurate and Efficient Improvement of Guarantee Mode

Intelligent battlefields and the degree of realization of comprehensive support for joint operations are important factors that directly affect the generation of combat effectiveness of troops. The development of intelligent technology will surely trigger a revolutionary change in the construction of the joint combat support system and realize intelligent comprehensive support. Comprehensive support is the foundation of combat effectiveness and a bridge that transforms national economic strength into military combat capability. With the continuous maturity of the Internet of Things technology, intelligent warfare puts more emphasis on integrated guarantee, precise guarantee, and distribution guarantee, that is, the required amount is delivered to the required place at the required time. Relying on the integrated support system, the dispersedly deployed support forces and resources are grouped according to functional modules such as supplies, supplies, maintenance, ammunition, and management, so that they cover all areas of combat service support. Relying on visualization technology, the entire process of combat supply is tracked and mastered According to the current situation, according to the real-time development of the battle situation, information control, reception and distribution of personnel flow and material flow are carried out to achieve point-to-point direct support. Through the use of technologies such as the Internet of Things, drones, smart cars, remote surgery, and 3D printing, upgrade and build an intelligent after-installation support system covering intelligent warehousing, intelligent delivery, intelligent maintenance, and intelligent medical treatment, so as to realize automatic, fast and accurate supply of after-load materials on the battlefield , Rapid diagnosis and maintenance of equipment failures, timely rescue of battlefield personnel, changing passive support into active service, and improving the overall support efficiency and effectiveness of aftermarket.

Focus on both military and

civilian use and deepen intelligent integration

Breakthroughs in the core and key technologies of artificial intelligence are the “country’s most important weapon” to deal with the threats and challenges of intelligent warfare. The rapid development of intelligent technology has become an accelerator of military intelligence. In the information age, the boundary between military technology and civilian technology is becoming more and more blurred, and the transferability is becoming stronger and stronger. Actively establish a military-civilian collaborative innovation mechanism, continuously strengthen the driving force for the innovation and development of intelligent core technologies, build an open industry-university-research collaborative innovation system for the whole society, plan forward and support investment in core cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence, and give full play to the innovation power of the entire society. Promote the rapid and sustainable development of military intelligence. Accelerate technological breakthroughs in key areas. It is necessary to focus on relevant key technical fields and break the technical bottleneck that restricts the development of military intelligence. Strengthen research on the basic support fields of military intelligence, such as military big data, military Internet of Things, etc.; start from combat requirements, strengthen research on intelligent application technologies in various operational elements, especially intelligent command and decision-making, intelligent weapon platforms, Research on intelligent battlefield perception and intelligent countermeasure technology. The research and development of the core key technology of military intelligence not only requires interdisciplinary and cross-field collaborative innovation, but also integrates the development of social intelligence and military intelligence. Intelligent technology is quickly embedded in operational elements and operational processes. To accelerate the development of military intelligence, we should explore the rules of cultivating relevant talents, make full use of military and local education resources, increase the intensity of training relevant talents, and provide solid intellectual support and talent guarantee for promoting the construction of military intelligence.

近年來,智能化浪潮席捲而來,並在軍事領域得到廣泛應用。 世界主要國家高度重視軍事智能化建設和應用,各種無人作戰平台和智能化武器裝備不斷湧現,並列裝部隊,投入實戰。 面對智能化戰爭加速演進,只有抓住發展機遇,積極應對挑戰,加快軍事智能化發展,加快鍛造智能化作戰能力,才能搶占智能化戰爭的戰略主動權,贏得智能化未來。 戰爭。

專注於設計戰爭創造智能理論

軍事理論來源於作戰實踐,用於指導作戰實踐。 過去受制於各種條件,軍事理論研究多是“回頭看”,即總結戰例形成作戰指導。 隨著現代科技尤其是大數據、雲計算等顛覆性技術的迅猛發展,作戰理論研究擺脫了傳統的跟風和歸納推理模式,進入了實驗戰和設計戰的新時代 . 情報領域的顛覆性新技術為軍事理論創新開闢了新空間。 為此,應按照“提出概念——需求分析——創新理論”的思路,打造智能戰爭基礎理論,對概念內涵、本質特徵、戰爭指導、作戰方式等進行深入研究。 智能戰的風格、攻防動作、制勝機制等。 特徵和規律等; 創新智能作戰方式方法,充分發揮智能作戰系統整體效能,加強人機協同智能作戰、智能機器人作戰、智能無人蜂群作戰等新型智能作戰方式方法研究, 如智能作戰指揮、智能作戰保障的流程和方法等; 重點有效應對智能化作戰威脅,研究智能化攔截戰、智能化干擾戰等克敵制勝策略。 這些理論是智能戰理論體系的基石。 未來,以加強“控制智力”和爭奪“算法中心戰”為中心的戰爭理論,極有可能取代以“網絡中心戰”為中心的戰爭理論。

聚焦跨域互聯,探索智能形態

軍事編制是連接軍事技術和作戰理論的紐帶,是發揮軍隊整體戰鬥力的槓桿。 現代作戰更強調“大體系支撐下的精銳作戰”,即以聯合作戰體係為支撐,“前精後強”,按照“一體化設計、模塊化編隊、 和組合應用”,編隊更精準、更精準。 強大的戰鬥模塊,最大限度釋放戰鬥能量。 未來智能化作戰體系的編組,將基於不同層次、不同兵種的戰略、戰役、戰術,形成不同類型、不同用途的小型化、多功能化、智能化的新型聯合作戰力量。 智能化作戰網絡根據可重構性、可擴展性和自適應性的要求,可以根據敵情和戰場環境的變化,無縫鏈接和靈活組織單個武器平台,進而聚合形成系統優勢,形成作戰模塊 攻防一體。 智能化新型作戰力量體係是人工智能技術發展、新型作戰能力形成、戰爭形態演進的綜合產物。 新的增長點。

專注於人機融合發展智能武器

隨著信息技術和智能技術的發展,誰能在人工智能領域取得勝利,誰就有望掌握未來軍事對抗的主動權。 圍繞智能作戰體系運行和智能武器裝備體系建設雙重需求,做好頂層設計和統籌規劃,編制智能武器裝備體係發展路線圖,發展高、中 、低端、低端、大、中、小型、遠程、近程,涵蓋陸、海、空、天、電、網等空間領域,以及智能化無人作戰裝備系統, 作戰與保障相匹配,建立“人主導、機助、混合編隊、聯合作戰”的有人無人協同體系,增強各軍兵種和作戰保障等各類智能化武器裝備的系統集成。 智能無人作戰系統是未來戰爭裝備發展的新趨勢,其核心是針對未來戰爭“零傷亡”、“全覆蓋”和“快速反應”的要求,使 充分利用新理論、新材料、新工藝、新能源、新技術的開發成果,在人機協作和自主行動兩個方面。 不斷突破,打造三級無人裝備體系

戰略、戰役、戰術三位一體,大規模建設新型智能化無人師,實現無人作戰系統系統化、協同化作戰。 同時,圍繞無人與反無人、智能與反智能作戰需求,重點發展對敵智能無人作戰武器裝備系統,確保智能無人攻防有效對抗。 敵人。

專注能力複合創新智能培養

現代戰爭職業分工越來越細,整個作戰體系越來越複雜,促使作戰從人力密集型向技術密集型轉變,要求作戰人員不僅要有良好的身體素質 ,還要具備良好的技術素養和智力優勢,以滿足不同作戰任務、作戰環境、作戰對手的需要。 軍事情報對人的素質提出了更高的要求。 相應地,智能軍事人才應具有人才群體性、技能精良、知識複雜、思維創新、決策智能等特點。 智能化戰爭將是一場人機結合的戰爭,以智能化無人作戰系統為主體的作戰力量將發揮越來越重要的作用。 高素質人才與智能化武器的有效結合,才能最大限度地發揮戰鬥力。 要適應智能戰力體系新特點,創新發展智能化訓練理念,探索智能戰力生成新模式。 目前,人工智能技術可以創造出更加“真實”的武器操作體驗和戰場環境,能夠逼真地解讀作戰過程、輔助決策指揮、評估作戰理念。 為此,適應智能作戰力量體系的新特點,著力提升智能作戰體系的自主指揮、自主控制、自主作戰能力, 能夠自我博弈、自我成長的智能係統,形成智能作戰的特殊策略。 作戰系統訓練體系、訓練環境和訓練機制,強化智能係統訓練的“人”把控,探索以“機”為主要對象的新型訓練模式。 這樣,智能作戰系統在經過短期的自我強化訓練後,就能獲得作戰能力的飛躍,以應對未來作戰環境無序、複雜、不確定的考驗。

聚焦精準高效 完善擔保模式

智能戰場和聯合作戰綜合保障的實現程度,是直接影響部隊戰鬥力生成的重要因素。 智能技術的發展必將引發聯戰保障體系建設的革命性變革,實現智能化綜合保障。 綜合保障是戰鬥力的基礎,是國民經濟實力轉化為軍事作戰能力的橋樑。 隨著物聯網技術的不斷成熟,智能化作戰更加註重綜合保障、精准保障和配送保障,即按需按時將所需數量送達所需地點。 依託一體化保障體系,將分散部署的保障力量和資源按照補給、補給、維修、彈藥、管理等功能模塊進行編組,覆蓋戰勤保障各個領域。 依托可視化技術,全程跟踪掌握戰時補給,根據戰況實時發展,對人員流、物資流進行信息管控、接收和分配,實現 點對點直接支持。 通過利用物聯網、無人機、智能汽車、遠程手術、3D打印等技術,升級構建涵蓋智能倉儲、智能配送、智能維修、智能醫療等的智能後裝支撐體系,使 實現戰場後裝物資的自動、快速、準確供應,設備故障快速診斷和維修,戰場人員及時救援,變被動保障為主動服務,提高後市場整體保障效率和效果。

兼顧軍事和

民用與深化智能融合

突破人工智能核心關鍵技術,是應對智能化戰爭威脅和挑戰的“國之重器”。 智能技術的快速發展成為軍事智能化的加速器。 信息時代,軍事技術與民用技術的界限越來越模糊,可移植性越來越強。 積極建立軍民協同創新機制,不斷增強智能化核心技術創新發展的驅動力,構建面向全社會開放的產學研協同創新體系,統籌支持核心切削領域的投入—— 人工智能等前沿技術,充分發揮全社會創新力量。 推動軍事情報快速可持續發展。 加快重點領域技術攻關。 要聚焦相關關鍵技術領域,破解制約軍事情報發展的技術瓶頸。 加強軍事情報基礎支撐領域研究,如軍事大數據、軍事物聯網等; 從作戰需求出發,加強各作戰要素的智能化應用技術研究,特別是智能指揮決策、智能武器平台、智能戰場感知和智能對抗技術研究。 軍事情報核心關鍵技術的研發,不僅需要跨學科、跨領域的協同創新,還要融合社會情報和軍事情報的發展。 智能技術快速嵌入到運營要素和運營流程中。 加快軍隊智能化發展,探索相關人才培養規律,充分利用軍隊和地方教育資源,加大相關人才培養力度,為推進軍隊建設提供堅實的智力支持和人才保障 智力。

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