By An Weiping
Source: 2015年12月29 来源：解放军报
The use of “Internet +” to create a new quality of thinking and fighting
Chairman of the Central Military Commission Xi Reform Work Conference, to focus on the future military competition to seize the strategic high ground, give full play to the role of innovation-driven development, cultivate new growth point of fighting. At present, China is the depth of promoting the “Internet +” action plan, which is the development trend of the Internet era of profound insight and wisdom to cope. Its essence is to promote the Internet, cloud computing, big data, networking integration and innovation as the representative of information technology and traditional industries, create new productivity. And viewed from the military point of view, the “Internet +” concept of thinking is also important for military innovation, foster new growth point fighting. But the military use of “Internet +”, not simply on the Internet “+” on, but in the military field dedicated “cyberspace” a “+”, and the use of “Internet +” thinking and a new generation of information technology, the establishment of improve the database, by fast and efficient flow of accurate data to improve reconnaissance, command and control, battlefield mobility, firepower, integrated security and information protection, and combat capability, to achieve accurate and timely release of aggregation and the overall combat effectiveness, thus creating adaptation of information technology The new mass combat operations.
“Internet” + target characteristic data, real-time sensing reconnaissance intelligence. Real-time reconnaissance capability is perceived to reach the battlefield transparent, seize the basis and key information superiority.Internet biggest feature is the remote control into the remote “touch” to achieve a seamless link between the sensor and processor, unimpeded access to battlefield information, real-time sensing reconnaissance intelligence. But the actual combat operations, the target is characterized by continuous change, if the lack of accurate target feature “full-dimensional” data, it is difficult to analyze, contrast, identify mass, low-density value of battlefield data, dig out the real and effective information, to achieve timely and accurate perception reconnaissance intelligence. Therefore, we should fully learn the “Internet +” big data analysis model, relying on accurate battlefield information and intelligence center to build, multi-dimensional and dynamic characteristics of the target database to database for support, fast and accurate analysis judged the enemy goal. “Accurate”, refers to a database of all the characteristics of the target data must be true, valuable information and data, can accurately reflect the different characteristics of the target property. “Multi-dimensional” refers to the use of land, sea, air, space, power and other means to obtain the same objective, the different nature of intelligence data and get the target from different angles appearance characteristics, as well as electromagnetic, infrared, and other information; “Dynamic “it refers to adapt to changes in weaponry and other targets, timely reconnaissance target feature information, the first perfect time to update the database, ensure that you always maintain a high accuracy of the data. Relying on the target database should also be characterized by the establishment of operational data analysis model, through the “cloud” on the large amount of data collection operations analysis of intelligence information to accurately determine and predict the enhanced situational awareness and decision support capabilities.
“Internet” + information system integration, to achieve accurate and efficient command and control. Accurate and efficient command and control capability is based on the core information system operational capability.Cyberspace so that all branches of the military combat information systems to achieve remote, synchronous, interactive connection, the commander combat global real-time grasp and mastery of the battlefield situation, belongs to all levels of command elements, each combat unit dynamic and effective action to implement the regulation. Integration must take an integrated approach, different branches of the military, information from different professions, different levels of system integration and other construction. First, functional integration, an integrated command platform, based on the relevant member information systems transformation, embedded sharing member, according to a unified configuration and management strategies, ensemble having interoperability integrated command and control system to ensure that all military branches, interrelated levels of command, synchronous interaction, information exchange command job sharing. Second, the system hinges primarily by branches of engineering and technical specifications according to a unified organization and implementation, through changing, modified (making) the existing command and control system, improve the various branches of the military command and control systems, enhancements and weapons platforms “hinge” capability . Third, data fusion, through a unified data format or data format conversion, data integration between branches Information System.
“Internet” + geographical information, fast place battlefield maneuvers.The essence of battlefield mobility, capacity utilization is decisive and overwhelming operational tempo seize the target location advantage. This requires full-dimensional perception by battlefield battlefield information system geographical information such day or night, we are well aware of how to maneuver the entire road, what factors affect mobility, in order to select the best motor route, timing and fast way to place . The rapid development of Internet intelligent navigation system, real-time provides a convenient quick and precise maneuvering. Therefore, to refer to the “Internet +” geographic information system, the establishment of geographic information as soon as military combat support systems, building geographic information database, and continuously enrich and perfect meteorological, hydrological and other data and road information and data information via satellite data links, etc. Real-time application queries and automatically senses the change, so that regional operational commanders real-time control, the rapid set-motorized determination, commanding troops quickly arrived combat area, to seize the fleeting fighters fighting to win the initiative.
“Internet” + Detective play commentary system, the rapid reaction accurate firepower. The condition of information warfare biggest feature is the “information-led firepower battle,” Internet interconnection links are distributed to the effective integration of various weapons platforms, network-based firepower systems possible. But rapid reaction precision firepower and damage the effectiveness of the play, is an investigation, control, play, commentary closed circuit, the need to establish a body blow interconnected system, like “Internet” + taxi, a “Didi taxi” system software, can be the first to discover and pinpoint the user application, and then through the analysis of user needs, while according to the position information of the vehicle to determine who carried out the service, and the fastest way to push information to the user service vehicles, service vehicles last feedback, to complete the service process. Similarly, the rapid response fire precision strike, the urgent need to establish a “play Detective Comment on” one of the firepower system, surveillance systems, decision systems, control systems, sensor fusion interconnected, so that the data flow and operational processes and seamlessly links mutual drive, always monitor the target information and firepower cell information, a substantial increase in the ability to extract data from the mass targeted; the same time through real-time information exchange, sensor control, task allocation plan and fire damage assessment, greatly reducing identify the target, targeted, target and damage assessment time, effectively improve the dynamic ability to strike targets, found that the anti-forming ability of the best mode.
“Internet” + Things security system, to achieve timely and accurate comprehensive security. Accurate and timely comprehensive support, is adaptive, intelligent means to reach at the desired time and place to provide timely and accurate combat all kinds of resources needed. The adaptive, intelligent, must establish an integrated management and control, integrated transportation security system of things together, things like relying on the development of Internet technology, the Internet and radio frequency identification, infrared sensors, global positioning systems, laser scanning technology, achieve mutual connection between anything, and through the exchange of information and communication, positioning, tracking, monitoring and precise management. Therefore, we should actively learn things the idea, and establishing information under combat conditions was associated support systems, integrated use of two-dimensional bar code, electronic tags, automatic identification technology, real-time monitoring and access to supply battle group team strength, guarantee supplies storage and consumption of dynamic information, accurately grasp logistical needs and resources, timely and accurate to the command structure at all levels, to provide comprehensive support group team information security needs. By precise control of the security resources to achieve transparent visualization controllable security process and improve efficiency battlefield support, logistical support adaptive capacity.
“Internet” + preset encrypted information, information protection security control. Effective delivery system based on the combat capability of information systems, data security depends combat controllable. As a result of the “Internet +” and bring the system vulnerability and threats and attacks from internal, external, so that security issues in information systems is very prominent. Therefore for the ever-changing battlefield, the effective implementation of dynamic data encryption. For example, by installing a micro-channel information encryption software that can encrypt messages on demand, voice, video and other information; another example, the terminal end smartphone encryption, anti-eavesdropping technology and SMS encryption and other network information security technology has gradually applied.Therefore, we should make full use of information technology, Internet security, cyberspace whole process of the implementation of dynamic encryption to ensure the confidentiality of information transmission, to ensure the integrity and non-repudiation of the information, communication channel resistance may be active or passive attacks. On the one hand “hard encryption”, and vigorously develop the user terminal installation of secrecy or confidentiality card machine; on the other hand is “soft encryption”, the development of intelligent terminal encryption software, use dynamic encryption algorithm, encrypted instant messages.
Original Mandarin Chinese:
习主席在中央军委改革工作会议上提出，要着眼于抢占未来军事竞争战略制高点，充分发挥创新驱动发展作用，培育战斗力新的增长点。当前，我国正在深度推进“互联网+”行动计划，这是对互联网时代发展潮流的深刻洞察和智慧因应。其实质就是促进以互联网、云计算、大数据、物联网为代表的信息技术与传统产业的融合创新，打造新的生产力。而从军事角度观察，“互联网+”思维理念对于军事创新，培育新的战斗力增长点同样重要。但军事领域运用“互联网+”，不是简单地在互联网上“+”，而是在军事领域专用的“网络空间”上进行“+”，并运用“互联网+”思维和新一代信息技术，建立完善的数据库，通过精准数据的快速高效流动，提高侦察情报、指挥控制、战场机动、火力打击、综合保障和信息防护等作战能力，达成整体作战效能的聚集和准确及时释放，进而打造适应信息化作战的新质战斗力。
“互联网”+目标特征数据，实现侦察情报的实时感知。实时感知的侦察能力是达成战场透明，夺取信息优势的基础和关键。互联网最大的特点就是将远程控制变为远程“触觉”，实现传感器与处理器间无缝链接，畅通战场信息获取渠道，实现侦察情报的实时感知。但实际作战行动中，目标特征是连续不断变化的，如果缺少目标特征准确的“全维”数据，就难以在海量的、价值密度低的战场数据中进行分析、对比、识别，挖掘出真实有效的信息，实现侦察情报的及时准确感知。为此，应充分借鉴“互联网+”大数据分析模式，依托战场信息情报中心构建准确、多维、动态的目标特征数据库，以数据库作支撑，快速准确分析研判敌情目标。“准确”，是指数据库中的所有目标特征数据必须是真实、有价值的信息数据，能够准确反映目标的不同属性特征。“多维”，是指运用陆、海、空、天、电等多种手段获取同类目标、不同性质的情报数据信息，并从不同角度获得目标的外观特征，以及电磁、红外等信息；“动态”，是指适应武器装备等目标的发展变化，及时侦搜目标特征信息，第一时间更新完善数据库，确保始终保持较高的数据精确度。同时应依托目标特征数据库建立作战数据分析模型，通过“云技术”对大量数据集合进行作战分析，对情报信息进行准确判断和预测，增强战场感知和辅助决策能力。
“互联网”+信息系统融合，实现指挥控制的精准高效。精准高效的指挥控制能力是基于信息系统作战能力的核心。网络空间使各个军兵种作战信息系统实现异地、同步、交互连接，指挥员可实时把握作战全局和掌握战场情况，对所属各级指挥要素、各个作战单元行动实施动态有效调控。必须采取综合集成的方式，进行不同军兵种、不同专业、不同层次等系统的信息融合建设。一是功能整合，以一体化指挥平台为基础，对相关信息系统进行构件化改造，嵌入共用功能构件，按照统一的配置和管理策略，组合集成为具有互操作能力的一体化指控系统，确保各军兵种、各级指挥相互衔接、同步互动，指挥作业信息互通共享。二是系统铰链，主要由各军兵种按照统一的工程技术规范组织实施，通过换装、改装（造）现有指挥控制系统，完善各军兵种指挥控制系统，增强与武器平台的“铰链”能力。三是数据融合，通过统一的数据格式或数据格式转换，实现军兵种间信息系统的数据融合。
“互联网”+地理环境信息，实现战场机动的快速到位。战场机动的实质，是利用决定性和压倒性作战节奏夺占目标位置优势的能力。这就需要通过全维战场信息系统感知战场地理环境信息，使得无论白天还是黑夜，都清楚知道机动全程路况怎么样、影响机动的因素有哪些，从而选择最佳的机动路线、时机、方式快速到位。互联网智能导航系统的迅速发展，为实时快速精确机动提供了便利。因此，要借鉴“互联网+”地理信息系统方式，尽快建立军事地理信息作战保障系统，构建地理信息基础数据库，不断充实完善气象、水文以及道路等数据信息，并通过卫星、数据链等实现数据信息的实时申请查询和变化自动感知，使指挥员实时掌握作战地域情况、快速定下机动决心，指挥部队快速抵达作战地域，抓住稍纵即逝的战机，赢得作战主动权。
“互联网”+侦控打评系统，实现火力打击的快反精确。信息化条件作战最大的特征就是“信息主导、火力主战”，互联网的互联互通为有效融合链接分散配置的各个武器平台，实现火力打击系统的网络化提供了可能。但火力打击的快反精确以及毁伤效能的发挥，是一个侦、控、打、评的闭合回路，需要建立互联一体的打击系统，就像“互联网”+出租车，出现“滴滴打车”系统软件一样，能够第一时间发现和准确锁定用户申请，然后通过分析用户需求，同时根据车辆的位置信息，确定由谁进行服务，并以最快的方式将用户信息推送至服务车辆，最后服务车辆进行反馈，完成整个服务过程。同样，实现火力精确打击的快速反应，亟须建立“侦控打评”一体的火力打击系统，将侦察系统、决策系统、控制系统、传感器进行互联融合，使数据流程与作战流程无缝链接并相互驱动，随时监控目标信息和火力单元信息，大幅提高从海量数据中提取锁定目标的能力；同时通过实时的信息交互、传感器控制、任务计划分配以及火力毁伤评估，大大缩短识别目标、锁定目标、攻击目标和毁伤评估时间，有效提高对动态目标的打击能力，形成发现即打击的最佳能力模式。
“互联网”+物联保障系统，实现综合保障的及时准确。准确及时的综合保障，就是以自适应、智能化的手段，达成在需要的时间、地点及时准确提供作战所需的各类资源。而实现自适应、智能化，必须建立综合管控、综合调运的物联保障系统，就像依托互联网技术发展的物联网，通过互联网以及射频识别、红外感应器、全球定位系统、激光扫描等技术，实现了任何物品间的相互连接，并通过信息交换和通信、定位、跟踪，实现精确的监控和管理。为此，应积极借鉴物联网的理念，建立适应信息化条件下作战的物联保障系统，综合运用二维条码、电子标签、自动识别等技术，实时监测和获取作战群队供应实力、保障物资的存储量及消耗等动态信息，准确掌握后勤保障需求和资源，及时准确向各级指挥机构、综合保障群队提供保障需求信息。通过对保障资源的精确控制，实现保障过程的透明可视可控，提高战场保障效益，实现自适应的后勤保障能力。
“互联网”+信息预置加密，实现信息防护的安全可控。基于信息系统的体系作战能力的有效释放，有赖于作战数据信息的安全可控。由于采用“互联网+”而带来的系统脆弱性和来自内、外部的各种威胁和攻击，使得安全问题在信息系统中十分突出。因此要针对瞬息万变的战场，对数据实施动态有效的信息加密。比如，微信通过安装一种信息加密软件，可以实现对短信、语音、视频等信息的按需加密；再比如，智能手机终端的端到端加密、防窃听技术和短信加密等网络信息安全技术已逐渐得到应用。为此，应充分借助互联网安全信息技术，对网络空间实施全过程的动态加密，保证信息传输的保密性，确保信息的完整性和不可抵赖性，抵抗对通信通道可能的主动或被动攻击。一方面要“硬加密”，大力开发用户终端加装保密卡或保密机；另一方面是“软加密”，开发智能终端加密软件，使用动态加密算法，实现信息的即时加密。
