打贏資訊化智慧化戰爭，我軍必須找到理論與技術的結合點，實現戰術創新
現代英語：
2023-05-09 11:38:45
Source: China Military Network-People’s Liberation Army Daily
Find the integration point of theory and technology for innovative tactics
Li Jiyong Zou Li
Tactics, or combat methods, refer to strategies and techniques used in combat. To innovate tactics, we must not only think deeply about “strategies”, but also delve into “techniques”. If we have “strategies” but no “techniques”, we will have the will but not the strength; if we have “techniques” but no “strategies”, we will work hard but not get the method. We must have both strategic guidance and technical support to win every battle. To win the informationized and intelligentized wars and carry out tactics innovation that prioritizes strategy and wins with wisdom, we must use both “strategies” and “techniques” to effectively solve the problems of the disconnection between theoretical innovation and technological application, and the derailment between combat operations and technological paths.
Thinking and cognition “integration”. The rapid development of modern science and technology is driving future operations to evolve into high-end warfare. It is necessary to seize the commanding heights of theory and create new technological advantages. The deep integration of theory and technology to innovate tactics is the key to winning on the battlefield. As the main body of tactics innovation, soldiers must have a deep understanding of the winning mechanism of modern warfare, root the concept of theory and technology integration, and expand the thinking of theory and technology integration. At present, two prominent problems and tendencies deserve attention: First, the lack of scientific and technological literacy can easily lead to a shallow understanding of the new form of war. Only based on past experience and routines to study tactics, which technologies in the combat system work, which technologies are really useful, where to start with the formation of technological advantages over the enemy, what technical differences exist with strong enemies, and how to avoid being suppressed by enemy technology. They focus on tactics and neglect technology, and on “wisdom” and neglect “intelligence”. Innovative tactics seem to be useful, but in fact lack technical support and have a high degree of risk. Second, they fail to grasp the combat needs accurately, and the future battlefield scene is not clearly described. Although the technical principles and winning mechanisms are understood, they do not know enough about the application of science and technology in combat operations, and ignore the decisive role of human subjective initiative in combat effectiveness. They focus on technology and neglect tactics, and study technology for technology, or only study technical performance without considering the application of tactics, or only know the technical effects without trying to innovate tactics. In all these cases, we should coordinate the learning, understanding, and use of science and technology by commanders and fighters with the learning, understanding, and use of science and technology by scientific and technological personnel, establish a mechanism for the integration and innovation of combat and technical experts, connect the research on winning mechanisms, and collaboratively embed the concept of integration of theory and technology, and help each other to improve the quality of innovation in tactics, so as to form the ideological understanding that combat operations lead the application of science and technology and support combat operations with the application of science and technology, and lay a solid foundation for the integration of theory and technology to carry out innovation in tactics.
Operational design “integration”. There have never been two completely identical wars in the world. Innovation in tactics can be inherited and learned from, but cannot be copied and reproduced. At present, the pace of innovation in military theory is accelerating, advanced science and technology are developing rapidly, and the form of war has undergone profound changes, showing the significant characteristics of mixed diversity and unpredictable changes. Disruptive technologies, innovative concepts, and reshaping theories are emerging in an endless stream. Only by integrating science and technology to design future operations can we find and improve the starting point of innovation in tactics. We must break through the mindset with the courage to lead the world, innovate combat theories with advanced vision and unique perspectives, develop and implement combat concepts, conceive combat scenarios, and innovate tactics and methods. We must first draw the “base map” of the future battlefield, so as to connect with modern scientific and technological applications and drive the development of advanced technologies. At the same time, the design of future operations cannot exceed the limits of science and technology and be too far-fetched. It should be based on the scientific and technological feasibility within a certain period of time, and innovate tactics on the premise of having realistic or foreseeable scientific and technological application support and having a technological implementation path, and embed technical blocking, technical raids, technical suppression, and technical regulation into combat operations.
“Integration” with superior skills. In modern warfare, the status of people as the decisive factor has not changed, while the impact of science and technology on the outcome of war has become more prominent. The struggle for technological advantage determines the outcome of war to a large extent. We must always embed the application of science and technology into the combat chain and throughout the entire combat process, support the application of tactics with technical effects, and drive the effectiveness of combat with technological advantages. At present, the main contradiction in the integration of theory and technology in the innovation of tactics is not the lack of theory in technology, but the lack of technology in theory. The most urgent thing is to focus on promoting the integration and penetration of cutting-edge technology into combat theory. We must strengthen the substantive integration based on weapons and equipment platforms, focus on maximizing the activation of combat effectiveness, widely carry out research on the combat application of equipment based on the release of action effectiveness, and equipment combat test and appraisal, detect the effectiveness of combat operations through simulation and data analysis, and verify the “chance of victory” with “number calculations”. It is necessary to strengthen the in-depth integration of technical means to select the “optimal solution” based on combat missions. From studying combat opponents and determining methods of action to formulating combat plans and organizing confrontation exercises, we must fully consider the comparison of enemy and our own technical strength, implement asymmetric combat thinking, and take the basic principles of using the superior to defeat the inferior and avoiding the strong to attack the weak. We must seek technological suppression and prevent enemy suppression, seek technological blocking and prevent enemy blocking, seek technological subversion and prevent enemy subversion, maximize technological advantages, and do our utmost to limit the enemy’s technological performance, so as to create a favorable situation and support the use of tactics.
Gather wisdom and strength to “integrate”. In the era of informatization and intelligence, both theoretical research and scientific and technological innovation show the remarkable characteristics of open linkage and cross-penetration. The integration of theory and technology is used to carry out innovation in tactics, and open sharing is an important growth point. Promote the innovation of man-machine integrated tactics, people come up with wisdom and machines do the calculations, and reversely revise the results of tactics based on the results of calculations, so as to achieve the integration of theory and technology in human-machine interaction; promote the innovation of tactics by command and technical talents, form a mixed group of “scientists + commanders” and “combatants + technicians”, implement joint debugging, joint testing, joint exercises, joint training, joint calculations and joint planning, and seek joint combat and victory with the scientific nature of tactics and the advanced nature of technology; promote the innovation of open source crowdfunding tactics, combine the military and the outside world, interact online and offline, and concentrate the wisdom of the majority of officers and soldiers and various professional talents with a broader vision and more flexible forms, carry out “maker” activities in the field of tactics innovation, develop and gather new tactics “resource pool” and “results library”, and achieve the maximum benefits of the integration of theory and technology.
Practice iterative “integration”. Theoretical achievements are tested and sublimated in practical application, and scientific and technological means show their functions and benefits in combat operations. Innovation in tactics is not a one-day job, and the integration of theory and technology should also be iteratively improved and developed in a rolling manner. We should focus on the integrated application of information technology and intelligent technology, virtually construct future combat scenes, and innovate tactics in the feeling and experience of intelligent combat environments; we should carry out in-depth virtual simulation demonstration of innovative results of tactics, and fully verify the feasibility of tactics design and the effectiveness of combat operations through virtual experiments and simulation tests; we should carry out technical performance testing in conjunction with training and exercise activities, and fully test the effectiveness and defects of technology application through analysis of the actual situation of energy gathering and release of weapons and equipment and information systems. Therefore, we should dynamically discover and solve problems in review discussions, repeated demonstrations, and data tests, modify theories where theories are not applicable, and upgrade technologies where technologies are not feasible, so that tactics can introduce new field technologies, let technologies subvert traditional tactics, realize the organic combination of technology and combat, and continuously promote the spiral upward and rolling development of innovation in tactics.
現代國語：
2023-05-09 11:38:45來源：中國軍網-解放軍報
找準戰法創新的理技融合點
李計勇 鄒 力
戰法，即作戰方法，指作戰中運用的策略和技術。戰法創新，既要深謀“策”，也要鑽研“技”。有“策”無“技”，心有餘而力不足；有“技”無“策”，雖用力而不得法。既要有策略指導，又具備技術支撐，方能百戰百勝。打贏資訊化智能化戰爭，開展以謀為先、以智取勝的戰法創新，必須「策」「技」並施，有效解決理論創新與技術應用脫節、作戰行動與技術路徑脫軌等問題。
思維認知「融」。現代科技快速發展，正推動未來作戰向高端戰爭演進。既要搶佔理論制高點，又要塑造技術新優勢，理技深度融合創新戰法，是製勝戰場的要訣。軍人作為戰法創新的主體，必須深刻認知現代戰爭制勝機理，根植理技融合理念，拓展理技融合思維。當前，兩個突出問題和傾向值得注意：一是科技素養不夠，容易導致對新的戰爭形態認識不深不透，僅憑以往經驗套路研究戰法，對作戰體系中哪些技術起作用、什麼技術真管用、對敵形成技術優勢從何入手、與強敵存在哪些技術差、如何避免被敵法壓制等不深的技術不深，重戰不深、重戰、技術不高、重戰」。二是把握不準作戰需求，未來戰場景象描繪不夠清晰，雖然技術原理、制勝機理明白了，但對科技在作戰行動中的運用知之不夠，忽略了人的主觀能動性對作戰效能發揮起到的決定性作用，重技術輕戰法，就技術研技術，或只鑽研技術性能而不考慮戰法運用，或只知戰法運用，或只知技術凡此，應把指戰員學科技、懂科技、用科技與科技人員學軍事、懂打仗、研戰法統籌起來協調推進，建立戰技專家融合創新機制，對接研究制勝機理，協同嵌入理技融合理念，交互幫帶提高戰法創新素質，形成以作戰行動牽引科技運用、以作戰法統融合理念，交互幫帶提高戰法創新素質，形成以作戰行動牽引科技運用、以作戰以支持基實的功法進行創新運動。
作戰設計「融」。世界上從來沒有完全相同的兩場戰爭，戰法創新可以繼承借鑒，不能複製翻版。目前，軍事理論創新步伐加快、先進科技發展日新月異，戰爭形態深刻變革，呈現出混合多元、變幻莫測的顯著特徵，顛覆性技術、創新性概念、重塑性理論層出不窮。理技融合設計未來作戰，才能找準提升戰法創新的起點。要以敢領世界先的勇氣突破思維定勢，用超前眼光、獨特視角創新作戰理論，開發並落地作戰概念，構想作戰場景，創新戰法打法，先把未來戰場的「底圖」勾勒好，以此對接現代科技應用、牽引先進技術研發。同時，設計未來作戰不能超越科技極限過於遙遠地“空想”，應立足於一定時期內的科技可行性，在具有現實或可預期科技運用支撐、擁有技術實現路徑的前提下創新戰法，將技術阻斷、技術突襲、技術壓制、技術調控嵌入作戰行動。
技高一籌「融」。在現代戰爭中，人是決定性因素的地位沒有變，而科技對戰爭勝負的影響更加凸顯，爭奪科技勝勢在很大程度上決定戰爭勝負，必須始終把科技運用嵌入作戰鏈條、貫穿作戰全程，以技術效應支撐戰法運用，以技術優勢驅動作戰效能發揮。當前，戰法創新中的理技融合，主要矛盾並非技術中少理論，而是理論中缺乏技術，最迫切的是著力推進前沿科技向作戰理論融合滲透。要加強以武器裝備平台為依託的實質融合，著眼最大限度地啟動作戰效能，廣泛進行基於行動效能釋放的裝備作戰運用研究、裝備作戰試驗鑑定，透過模擬推演、資料分析來偵測作戰行動的有效性，以「數算」驗證「勝算」。要加強基於作戰任務選擇「最優解」技術手段的深度性融合，從研究作戰對手、確定行動方法，到擬製作戰預案、組織對抗演訓，都要充分考慮敵我技術力量對比，貫徹非對稱作戰思想，把以優制劣、避強擊弱作為基本原則，謀求技術壓制並防敵壓制，謀求技術阻斷並防敵阻斷，謀求技術顛覆並防敵顛覆，最大限度發揮技術優勢，竭盡全力限制敵方技術發揮，以此塑造有利態勢、支撐戰法運用。
集智聚力「融」。資訊化智能化時代，不論是理論研究，或科技創新，都呈現出開放連結、交叉滲透的顯著特徵。理技融合進行戰法創新，開放共享是重要的成長點。推動人機一體式戰法創新，人出智謀、機器來算，以算的結果反推修訂戰法成果，在人機互動中實現理技融合；推進指技人才團隊式戰法創新，組成「科學家+指揮官」「戰鬥員+技術員」混合群體，實行聯調性、聯演、聯演聯、聯算聯，以訓戰法的科學、技術的科學、聯演先進性謀求聯戰聯勝；推進開源眾籌式戰法創新，軍內軍外結合，線上線下互動，以更開闊的視野、更靈活的形式，集中廣大官兵和各類專業化人才的聰明智慧，開展戰法創新領域的“創客”活動，開發匯聚新戰法“資源池”“成果庫”，實現最大成果的效益庫”，實現最大效益。
實踐迭代“融”。理論成果在實務運用中得到檢驗和昇華，科技手段在作戰行動中顯現功能與效益。戰法創新非一日之功，理技融合也應迭代進步、滾動發展。要注重整合應用資訊科技與智慧技術，虛擬構設未來作戰景象，在感觸與體驗智能化作戰環境中創新戰法；要深入進行戰法創新成果虛擬模擬論證，透過虛擬實驗、模擬檢驗，充分驗證戰法設計的可行性、作戰行動的有效性；要結合演訓活動進行技術效能偵測，透過對武器裝備與資訊系統的聚合能與釋義能充分分析從而，在複盤研討、反覆論證、資料檢驗中動態發現與解決問題，理論不適用的修改理論，技術行不通的升級技術，讓戰法引進新領域技術，讓技術顛覆傳統式戰法，實現技戰一體有機結合，持續推動戰法創新螺旋上升滾動發展。