People’s Republic of China’s little known “Central Investigation Department” 鲜为人知的“中央调查部”

People’s Republic of China’s little known “Central Investigation Department”  鲜为人知的“中央调查部”

Within the People’s Republic of China is the little known “Central Investigation Unit”, this cadre generates strategic intelligence for economic, military and Communist Party leadership strategic decision-making.

The following article comes from the Communist Party of China News website and the Chinese Military portion of Sohu.com.

八一解放軍

Original Modern English (loose translation):

Recently we saw a material, referred to the Party after the founding of new China an institution called the “Central Investigation Department,” but not too clear on the presentation. Asked colleagues around, it was said “in tune unit” is the former “central social unit”, it was considered by the restructuring from. So, it really is what kind of organization? What are its main functions? When it is established? Could the experts answer?

Daxing District, Zhang Xinyu Readers

Speaking of the central social unit, people still know the big end, and for the Central Investigation Department, is known to only a handful, and some even thought that the central social unit which consists of the establishment of Sino-Japanese War came directly reorganization. History, however, is not true.

First, the “Central Investigation Department” is not the “central social unit

Central Social Department in 1939 to set up the “Central special working committee”, management and leadership intelligence and security work, stating that “the CPC Central Intelligence Department,” outside “the CPC Central Committee Working Committee enemy territory”, but in the preparation of new China namely revocation of the occasion. However, the Central Social Work Department revoked, defending section included in the Ministry of Public Security (normalized before the government established the Central Military Commission formed), is set to change the intelligence part of the Liaison Department of the Central Military Commission, former Secretary-General of the Central Social Department 邹大鹏 minister, and former Central Minister of Social Affairs, when he was minister in charge of the Central Military Commission General Intelligence Department of LI.

October 1949, the third meeting of the Central People’s Government Committee adopted 邹大鹏 Director of Intelligence, to August 1952, due to intelligence agencies Administration revoked the Seventeenth Meeting of the Central People’s Government Committee approved the Department dismissed 邹大鹏length and level of the Deputy Director of 王少春. These show that the intelligence agencies after the founding of New China in the Ministry of Personnel and the Central Social closely linked, and in the affiliation by the CPC Central Committee and State Council on site were transferred to the Central Military Commission. However, the State Council’s Information Department only existed for three years, after intelligence work has focused on the Central Military Commission.

Central Investigation Department at the Central Social Department is not being withdrawn directly established on its basis, but in the Central Military Liaison Department of the Army transferred from within the party sometimes formed together. According to the 2001 book “Yang Shangkun diary” recorded February 23, 1955, when he was Deputy Minister Liaison Department of Lo long, green and Secretary-General Ma times wait until Mao Cheng Yang Shangkun place on “liaison department of ‘fate’ problem ‘ . February 28, Yang Shangkun about when he was Deputy Chief of Staff of the PLA LI “On the section on the political situation where the problem.” LI advice is: “entirely on the good organization within the party, you can set up one.” About the name and personnel issues of this section, Yang Shangkun contained in the diary: “name for ‘investigation unit’, Comrade Enlai Interested by the gram farming and Minister for unified management. “Subsequently, Yang Shangkun reported the matter to the Zhou Enlai. March 4, Yang Shangkun to Zhou Enlai at the “political situation the organization’s decision to participate in the” discussion, “decided to separate the military from the Central Military Commission, the party set up a ‘research department’, by the gram farming and Minister Zhou reported by the Secretariat decision. “That night, Secretariat meeting held in the office of Liu Shaoqi, Zhou Enlai decided to agree on the establishment of the Ministry of the opinion survey, reported Chairman Mao Zedong decided. April 8, Yang Shangkun recorded in his diary: “The central and the President has approved the establishment of the Central Investigation Department of the LI was appointed by the minister, please contact the Department of the Central Military Commission of existing transfer system into the CPC Central Committee..” And contains: “to be in After the formal transfer of 1 July. ”

Second, the “Central Investigation Department” is to adapt to the actual needs of the construction and the establishment of new China, is an exploration and development on the organizational structure of the military.

Central Investigation Department to “investigation” is named, is the nature of intelligence work by the party under the leadership of the decision, but also with the CPC Central Committee issued the “Decision on investigation and study” on the occasion of the 20th anniversary of the founding, in order to strengthen research, realize intelligence work from the collection of alert and defend the military strategic intelligence gathering intelligence to turn the inseparable. At that time, the central authorities set up the Central Investigation Bureau of Investigation, under a Ministry of Information, etc., whose function is to collect political, military, economic, cultural and social class relations and other aspects of domestic and foreign materials, to research, that the central work Direct assistant. Central Investigation Department inherited this work is the “investigation” of history and tradition and the basic spirit and adapt to the actual needs of the construction of the new China and in the organizational structure of an exploration and development.

On the working mechanism of the Central Investigation Department, Yang Shangkun in his diary records, daily work by his contact with the LI, big things consult Deng Xiaoping resolved. LI is the first Secretary of the Central Investigation Department was established. Incumbent Minister of tone in the hole after LI. During the “Cultural Revolution”, the ministry also failed from the impact. June 13, 1969, the Central People’s Liberation Army General Staff Department of the decision by the Second Investigation Department took over, gradually returning to normal until after 1971. To 1983, in view of the Central Investigation Department of historical issues in the “Cultural Revolution”, as well as adapt to the new situation of reform and opening up of intelligence work, the central government decided to revoke the unit formed, and its main body, with the Ministry of Public Security’s counterintelligence department and other parts of the relevant units merged to form the Ministry of National Security.

Third, the “Central Investigation Department” on the front to provide decision-making information secret for the party and the country has become an important work of the CPC Central Committee and his assistant staff

Central Investigation Department of the existence of nearly 30 years, as the organizers and perpetrators of the specific period since the new Chinese intelligence work, through painstaking research, on major issues related to the party and national security interests, and often at a critical moment provide decision-making information for the party and the country has become an important work of the CPC Central Committee staff and assistants.

First, the anti-peaceful evolution, the Central Investigation Department has played an important think-tank role. After the founding of New China, the anti-peaceful evolution related to the new Chinese regime and consolidate the party’s ruling position, on this issue, Mao Zedong attached great importance to study the political situation in the United States, the Central Investigation Department has played an important think-tank role. In autumn 1958, the US Congress elections, the ruling Republican Party defeated Democrats. On the US domestic political situation after the elections, the Central Investigation Department to write a report, noting that in the case of a severe economic crisis, the United States within the ruling class and national conflicts intensified, people from all walks widespread fear of war, internal political atmosphere bright side development. November 27, Mao Zedong when reviewing this report, will be subject to “political climate in the United States for the better development”, and instructed to say: The Central Investigation Department of the analysis is very interesting, at the same time he was appointed charge d’affaires in the British Embassy official township British diplomatic situation and analyze the situation in Western Europe is similar is a good article. He added: “In short, the Western world for the better day by day in terms of change, direct and indirect allies allies in the development of the proletariat.” Sixth Plenary Session of the Eighth CPC Mao’s comments on the issuance and the Central Investigation Department The analysis report.

Second, in the development and expansion of patriotic united front staff played a role. The mid-1960s, the Central Investigation Department involved in the fight on behalf of the former Kuomintang government of President Li Tsung-jen Nanjing returning to work, and staff play an important role. July 9, 1965, the Central Investigation Department in writing to return to the central reporting jen comments on issues raised could be considered two options: First, do not need to enter the country on a statement to be issued a statement after returning to discuss; two I agree to enter the country on a written statement at the airport and met with reporters, but the statement is issued in advance with domestic suppliers properly. July 12, Mao Zedong and Premier Zhou Enlai instructed: “like a second program for the better, the manuscript beforehand good providers, there is no harm.” July 20, Mrs. Li Tsung-jen kai Guode Jie arrived in Beijing, Zhou Enlai, Peng Zhen at the airport welcome, which bore the original, Zou Dapeng, like Feng hyun, head of tune also meet personnel of the column.

In short, the Central Investigation Department in secret front for the new construction and development of China made a historic contribution to the party and the country’s intelligence has accumulated rich historical experience.

Original Mandarin Chinese:

编辑同志:

近日看到一则材料,提到新中国成立后党的一个机构叫“中央调查部”,但对之介绍不甚了了。问及周围的同事,有人说“中调部”就是以前的“中央社会部”,也有人认为是由其改组而来。那么,它究竟是一个什么样的机构?其主要功能是什么?它是什么时候组建的?能否请专家解答一下?

大兴区读者 张新宇

说起中央社会部,人们还是知其大端的,而对于中央调查部,则知者寥寥,有的甚或以为它由抗日战争时期成立的中央社会部直接改组而来。然而,历史事实并非如此。

一、“中央调查部”并非“中央社会部

中央社会部于1939年由“中央特别工作委员会”改设,管理和领导情报与保卫工作,内称“中共中央情报部”,外称“中共中央敌区工作委员会”,但在筹建新中国之际即被撤销。但是,中央社会工作部撤销后,保卫部分归入了公安部(在政府建立之前归军委建制),情报部分改设为中央军委联络部,原中央社会部秘书长邹大鹏任部长,并由原中央社会部部长、时任中央军委总情报部部长李克农主管。

1949年10月,中央人民政府委员会第三次会议通过邹大鹏为情报总署署长,至1952年8月,因情报总署机构撤销,中央人民政府委员会第十七次会议批准免去邹大鹏的署长和王少春的副署长之职。这些表明,新中国成立后的情报机构在人事上与中央社会部有着密切的联系,而在隶属关系上则由党中央内设分别转至中央军委与政务院。但是,政务院的情报总署只存在了三年之久,之后情报工作主要集中在了中央军委。

中央调查部并不是在中央社会部被撤销后在其基础上直接成立的,而是在中央军委联络部由军内转入党内时而组建起来的。根据2001年出版的《杨尚昆日记》记载,1955年2月23日,时任联络部副部长的罗青长、马次青和秘书长毛诚等到杨尚昆处谈“联络部的‘归宿’问题”。2月28日,杨尚昆约时任中国人民解放军副总参谋长的李克农“谈政情部放在哪里的问题”。李克农的意见是:“以完全放在党的组织内为好,可成立一部。”关于这个部的名称和人事问题,杨尚昆在日记中载:“名称可为‘调查研究部’,恩来同志有意由克农兼部长,以便统一管理。”随后,杨尚昆将此事呈报给了周恩来。3月4日,杨尚昆到周恩来处“参加对于政情组织的决定”,经讨论,“决定把军情由军委分开,在党内成立一‘调查部’,由克农兼部长,由周呈报书记处决定。”当晚,书记处会议在刘少奇办公室召开,决定同意周恩来关于成立调查部的意见,报毛泽东主席决定。4月8日,杨尚昆在日记中记载:“中央和主席已批准成立中央调查部。由李克农同志任部长,请现有的军委联络部转移到党中央系统内来。”并载:“拟在7月1日之后正式转移。”

二、“中央调查部”是为适应新中国建设的实际需要而设立的,是在组织体制上的一种探索与发展

二、“中央调查部”是为适应新中国建设的实际需要而设立的,是在组织体制上的一种探索与发展

中央调查部以“调查”命名,是由党领导下的情报工作的性质所决定的,也是与中共中央在建党20周年之际发出《关于调查研究的决定》,以加强调查研究,实现情报工作由搜集警报性和保卫性的情报向搜集军政战略性情报的转折所分不开的。当时,中央设置的调查研究机关即中央调查研究局,下设有情报部等,其职能是收集国内外政治、军事、经济、文化及社会阶级关系等各方面材料,加以研究,以为中央工作的直接助手。中央调查部正是继承了这一工作“调查研究”的历史传统与基本精神,并适应新中国建设的实际需要而在组织体制上的一种探索与发展。

关于中央调查部的工作机制,杨尚昆在日记中记载,日常工作由他与李克农联系,大的事情请示邓小平解决。李克农是中央调查部成立后的第一任部长。李克农之后,孔原任中调部部长。“文化大革命”期间,该部也未能免于冲击。1969年6月13日,中央决定由中国人民解放军总参谋部二部接管调查部,至1971年后逐渐恢复正常。至1983年,鉴于中央调查部在“文革”中的历史遗留问题,同时为适应改革开放以来情报工作的新形势,中央决定撤销该部建制,并以其为主体,同公安部的反间谍部门及其他部分相关单位合并,组成了国家安全部。

三、“中央调查部”在隐秘战线上为党和国家提供决策情报,成为党中央工作的重要参谋与助手

中央调查部存续近30年,作为新中国一个时期以来情报工作的具体组织者和实施者,它通过艰苦细致的调查研究,在事关党和国家安全利益等重大问题上,而且往往在关键时刻,为党和国家提供决策情报,成为党中央工作的重要参谋与助手。

其一,在反和平演变上,中央调查部起到了重要智囊作用。新中国成立后,反和平演变关系到新中国的政权和党的执政地位的巩固,在这一问题上,毛泽东十分重视研究美国的政治局势,中央调查部起到了重要智囊作用。1958年秋,美国国会举行选举,执政的共和党败于民主党。就这次选举后的美国国内的政治局势,中央调查部写了一个报告,指出在严重的经济危机情况下,美国统治集团内部和国内的阶级矛盾加剧,各阶层人民普遍恐惧战争,国内政治气氛在往好的方面发展。11月27日,毛泽东在审阅此报告时,将题目改为《美国政治气氛向好的方面发展》,并批示说:中央调查部这个分析,很有意思,同时任中国驻英国大使馆代办宦乡对英国外交形势与西欧形势的分析相似,都是好文章。他还说:“总之,西方世界一天一天地在向好的方面变,无产阶级的直接同盟军和间接同盟军都在发展。”中共八届六中全会上印发了毛泽东的批语和中央调查部的分析报告。

其二,在发展壮大爱国主义统一战线上起到了参谋作用。20世纪60年代中叶,中央调查部参与了争取原国民党南京政府代总统李宗仁回国的工作,并发挥了重要的参谋作用。1965年7月9日,中央调查部以书面形式向中央报告李宗仁回国有关问题的意见,提出两个可以考虑的方案:一是不必一进国门就发表声明,待回国商量后再发表声明;二是同意一进国门就在机场发表书面声明并接见记者,但声明稿应事先同国内商妥。7月12日,毛泽东批示周恩来总理:“似以第二方案为较好,稿子事前商好,并无坏处。”7月20日,李宗仁偕夫人郭德洁抵达北京,周恩来、彭真等到机场欢迎,其中孔原、邹大鹏、冯铉等中调部负责人也在迎接人员之列。

总之,中央调查部在隐秘战线为新中国的建设和发展作出了历史性贡献,为党和国家的情报工作积累了丰富历史经验。

 

Source: 战略决策情报支撑

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