China’s Rule of Law for the Internet
China’s Law-Based Cyberspace Governance in the New Era
2023年03月17日06:41 | 來源:人民網-人民日報
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黨的十八大以來,以習近平同志為核心的黨中央在領導全面依法治國和建設網絡強國的偉大實踐中,提出一系列原創性的新理念新思想新戰略,形成了習近平法治思想和習近平總書記關於網絡強國的重要思想。習近平總書記深刻把握信息時代的“時”與“勢”,高度重視網絡法治工作,將依法治網納入全面依法治國和網絡強國建設全局,圍繞依法治網這一重大時代課題,多次作出重要論述、提出明確要求。在習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想特別是習近平法治思想和習近平總書記關於網絡強國的重要思想指引下,我國依法治網深入推進,中國特色網絡法治體系不斷完善,走出了一條既符合國際通行做法、又有中國特色的依法治網之路,網絡法治建設取得歷史性成就。
黨的二十大報告深刻指出:“全面依法治國是國家治理的一場深刻革命,關系黨執政興國,關系人民幸福安康,關系黨和國家長治久安。”2023年3月16日,國務院新聞辦公室發布《新時代的中國網絡法治建設》白皮書,這是我國第一次專門就網絡法治建設發布白皮書,對於深入學習貫徹黨的二十大精神,加快推進新時代網絡強國、數字中國建設,在法治軌道上全面建設社會主義現代化國家,都具有重要意義。我們要以《新時代的中國網絡法治建設》白皮書發布為契機,深入學習貫徹習近平法治思想和習近平總書記關於網絡強國的重要思想,深入學習領會習近平總書記關於網絡法治的重要論述,深刻領悟“兩個確立”的決定性意義,增強“四個意識”、堅定“四個自信”、做到“兩個維護”,全面貫徹落實黨的二十大關於全面依法治國和網絡強國建設的重大決策部署,奮力開創新時代網絡法治工作新局面,以法治力量護航數字中國高質量發展,為網絡強國建設提供堅實法治保障。
一、深入學習貫徹習近平總書記關於網絡法治的重要論述
習近平總書記圍繞依法治網這一重大時代課題,提出了一系列原創性的新理念新思想新戰略,明確了網絡法治在黨和國家事業全局中的重要地位、戰略目標、原則要求、國際主張和基本方法,等等。這些重要論述以新的內涵豐富和完善了習近平法治思想、習近平總書記關於網絡強國的重要思想,為我們做好網絡安全和信息化工作提供了科學指引。
習近平總書記深刻闡述了網絡法治建設的時代要求。當前,中華民族偉大復興戰略全局、世界百年未有之大變局與信息革命時代潮流發生歷史性交匯,新一輪科技革命和產業變革深入發展。習近平總書記准確把握人類社會正在經歷信息革命的時代大勢,強調互聯網這塊“新疆域”不是“法外之地”,同樣要講法治,同樣要維護國家主權、安全、發展利益,要加強重點領域、新興領域、涉外領域立法,統籌推進國內法治和涉外法治,以良法促進發展、保障善治,要把依法治網作為基礎性手段,繼續加快制定完善互聯網領域法律法規,推動依法管網、依法辦網、依法上網,確保互聯網在法治軌道上健康運行,等等。這些重要論述,科學標定了網絡法治建設的時代背景和歷史方位,充分體現了對信息時代發展脈搏的深刻洞察、對網絡空間全新特征的精准把握,進一步深化了我們對網絡法治建設歷史必然性和現實緊迫性的認識。
習近平總書記科學指明了網絡法治建設的實踐路徑。習近平總書記在深刻總結我國全功能接入國際互聯網以來依法治網實踐經驗的基礎上,聚焦新時代以來網絡法治工作面臨的新形勢新任務新情況新問題,對網絡法治建設作出全面部署,強調要深入實施網絡安全法,要以良法善治保障新業態新模式健康發展,要抓緊制定立法規劃,完善互聯網信息內容管理、關鍵信息基礎設施保護等法律法規,要依法加強網絡社會管理,等等。這些重要論述,深深植根我國網絡法治建設實踐沃土,源於實踐、指導實踐、又被實踐所驗証,引領我國網絡法治建設邁上新台階,展現出堅實的實踐根基、鮮明的實踐導向和強大的實踐偉力。
習近平總書記突出強調了網絡法治建設的為民理念。網絡法治與10億多網民直接相連,與14億多人民群眾的獲得感、幸福感、安全感息息相關。習近平總書記多次強調,要本著對社會負責、對人民負責的態度,依法加強網絡空間治理,要依法嚴厲打擊網絡黑客、電信網絡詐騙、侵犯公民個人隱私等違法犯罪行為,維護公民在網絡空間的合法權益,等等。這些重要論述,堅持網絡法治為了人民、依靠人民、造福人民、保護人民,為網絡法治建設注入了最深沉最持久的動力源泉和發展基礎。
習近平總書記明確提出了網絡法治國際交流合作的中國主張。習近平總書記創造性地提出了推進全球互聯網治理體系變革的“四項原則”和構建網絡空間命運共同體的“五點主張”,明確提出各國應該共同努力,防范和反對利用網絡空間進行的恐怖、淫穢、販毒、洗錢、賭博等犯罪活動﹔中國願同各國一道,推動制定各方普遍接受的網絡空間國際規則,健全打擊網絡犯罪司法協助機制,共同維護網絡空間和平安全,等等。這些重要論述,把法治作為推動全球互聯網治理體系變革和構建網絡空間命運共同體的重要保障,提出一系列契合網絡發展實踐、反映各國共同意願的思想理念、原則准則,為網絡法治建設提出了中國方案、貢獻了中國智慧。
習近平總書記關於網絡法治的重要論述,思想深邃、內涵豐富,具有很強的政治性、思想性、前瞻性、指導性,是習近平法治思想和習近平總書記關於網絡強國的重要思想的重要組成部分,為我們做好新時代網絡法治工作提供了根本遵循和行動指南。我們要深入學習和全面把握習近平總書記關於網絡法治的重要論述的豐富內涵、實踐要求、鮮明特征,切實增強學習貫徹的思想自覺、政治自覺、行動自覺。
二、全面把握新時代我國網絡法治建設取得的歷史性成就
自1994年全功能接入國際互聯網以來,我國高度重視網絡法治建設,不斷探索符合中國互聯網發展特點的依法治網之路。進入新時代,在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導下,在習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想的科學指引下,我們認真學習貫徹習近平總書記關於網絡法治的重要論述,堅持把依法治網擺在更加突出位置,取得了一系列顯著成就,為網絡強國建設、全面依法治國、黨在信息化條件下治國理政作出了重要貢獻。
推進科學立法,奠定網絡空間法治基礎。把握互聯網發展規律,著力建立網絡權益保障法律制度、健全數字經濟法治規則、劃定網絡安全法律紅線、完善網絡生態治理規范,先后制定出台了網絡安全法、電子商務法、數據安全法、個人信息保護法等基礎性、綜合性、全局性法律。截至目前,已制定出台網絡領域立法140余部,基本形成了以憲法為根本,以法律、行政法規、部門規章和地方性法規、地方政府規章為依托,以傳統立法為基礎,以網絡內容建設與管理、網絡安全和信息化等網絡專門立法為主干的網絡法律體系,為網絡強國建設提供了堅實的制度保障。
推進嚴格執法,保障網絡空間規范有序。堅持嚴格規范公正文明網絡執法,加大重點領域執法力度,全面保護人民群眾合法權益、維護社會公共利益。加大個人信息保護執法力度,加強網絡知識產權保護,積極探索與網絡市場新業態相適應的執法模式,依法整治壟斷和不正當競爭行為。加強網絡基礎資源、重要網絡系統、網絡數據等領域安全執法工作,持續深入開展“淨網”“清朗”“護苗”等系列專項行動,加大對人民群眾反映強烈的網絡淫穢色情、虛假信息、網絡暴力、算法濫用、未成年人沉迷網絡游戲等問題的治理力度,推動網絡空間持續向好、天朗氣清。
推進公正司法,捍衛網絡空間公平正義。積極回應信息時代司法新需求,運用網絡信息技術賦能傳統司法。創新網絡司法規則,及時制定涉網司法解釋,依法審理新類型、疑難復雜和互聯網特性突出的司法案件。探索網絡司法模式,積極推行大數據、雲計算、人工智能等現代科技在訴訟服務、審判執行、司法管理等領域的深度應用,相繼設立杭州、北京、廣州互聯網法院,探索實行“網上案件網上審理”,審判質量、效率和效果呈現良好態勢。
推進全民守法,提升全社會網絡法治意識和素養。創新網絡法治宣傳教育的內容、形式、手段,拓展“互聯網+普法”新模式,積極運用網絡媒體開展網上普法活動,推進線下普法向線上延伸。圍繞青少年、互聯網企業從業人員等重要普法對象開展法治宣傳,全社會網絡法治意識和素養明顯增強。強化網絡法學科專業建設和人才培養,積極推進網絡法治智庫建設,為網絡法治建設提供了智力支持和人才保障。
推進國際交流,積極參與全球網絡法治建設。堅持以習近平總書記關於構建網絡空間命運共同體的理念主張為指引,積極開展網絡法治國際交流合作。支持發揮聯合國在網絡國際治理中的主渠道作用,提出《全球數據安全倡議》。積極參與形成區域性網絡治理規則。開展網絡法治雙多邊對話交流,加強網絡安全國際執法司法合作。搭建網絡法治國際對話合作平台,舉辦世界互聯網大會,發布《攜手構建網絡空間命運共同體行動倡議》等。
三、認真總結新時代我國網絡法治建設的寶貴經驗
黨的十八大以來,我國網絡法治建設之所以取得歷史性成就、實現跨越式發展,根本在於習近平總書記作為黨中央的核心、全黨的核心領航掌舵,在於習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想特別是習近平法治思想和習近平總書記關於網絡強國的重要思想科學指引。新時代以來,網絡法治建設在實踐中發展,在繼承中創新,積累了一系列來之不易、彌足珍貴的經驗。
堅持以習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想統領網絡法治工作全局。習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想是當代中國馬克思主義、二十一世紀馬克思主義,是全黨全國人民為實現中華民族偉大復興而奮斗的行動指南,也是推進網絡法治工作的根本遵循。我們要深入學習貫徹習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想,特別是把學習貫徹習近平法治思想和習近平總書記關於網絡強國的重要思想緊密結合起來,認真貫徹落實習近平總書記關於網絡法治的重要論述,切實用以武裝頭腦、指導實踐、推動工作。
堅持加強黨對網絡法治工作的全面領導。黨的全面領導是做好網絡法治工作的根本政治保証。必須加強黨對網信工作的全面領導,堅持黨管互聯網,深刻領悟“兩個確立”的決定性意義,增強“四個意識”、堅定“四個自信”、做到“兩個維護”,不斷提高政治判斷力、政治領悟力、政治執行力,把黨的領導貫穿到依法治網全過程和各方面,確保網絡法治工作始終沿著正確政治方向和道路前進。
堅持以人民為中心。網絡法治工作與人民群眾切身利益密切相關,必須始終堅持以人民為中心的發展思想,把體現人民利益、反映人民願望、維護人民權益、增進人民福祉落實到網絡法治建設全過程各方面,為人民群眾營造安全、公平、健康、文明、清朗的網絡空間。
堅持走中國特色的網絡法治道路。中國特色網絡法治道路本質上是中國特色社會主義法治道路在網信領域的具體體現,是我國網絡法治建設成就和經驗的集中體現。必須堅持中國特色治網之道,立足國情、民情、網情,運用法治思維和法治方式解決制約互聯網發展的瓶頸問題,走好中國特色的網絡法治道路,為推動全球互聯網治理體系變革提出中國方案、貢獻中國智慧。
堅持把握網絡法治工作規律。網絡法治是一門大學問、新學問,必須科學把握內在規律,處理好發展和安全、自由和秩序、開放和自主、管理和服務的關系,堅持依法治網和以德潤網相統一、規范發展和鼓勵支持相協調、國內法治和涉外法治相銜接,以高質量法治建設助推網信事業高質量發展,為互聯網健康有序發展提供保障,為網絡強國建設夯實法治基礎。
堅持推進網絡法治工作創新。互聯網因創新而生、因創新而興,網絡法治工作尤其需要創新。必須順應全球信息化發展大勢,立足我國互聯網發展實踐,加快推進網絡法治理念、內容、方式、方法等全方位創新,完善和創新新技術新領域規則,提升網絡法治工作的針對性和實效性,以創新引領網絡法治實踐。
堅持凝聚網絡法治工作合力。網絡法治工作是一項系統工程,必須統籌兼顧、把握重點、整體謀劃,更好發揮各方面的積極性、主動性、創造性,協調推進網絡內容建設與管理、網絡安全、信息化和網絡空間國際合作等各領域法治工作,讓互聯網在法治軌道上健康運行。
四、奮力開創新時代網絡法治工作新局面
推進依法治網是全面依法治國的必然要求,網絡法治工作是網絡強國建設的重要保障。我們要深入學習宣傳貫徹黨的二十大精神,以習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想特別是習近平法治思想和習近平總書記關於網絡強國的重要思想為指引,筑法治之基、行法治之力、積法治之勢,深入推進網絡空間法治化進程,奮力開創網絡法治工作新局面。
切實提高政治站位,加強黨對網絡法治工作的全面領導。深刻領悟“兩個確立”的決定性意義,增強“四個意識”、堅定“四個自信”、做到“兩個維護”,把黨管互聯網全面貫穿於網絡立法、執法、司法、普法等工作的全過程和各方面。完善黨領導依法治網的制度和機制,形成強大工作合力。
強化重點領域立法,構建系統完備的網絡法律體系。立足“十四五”時期網信事業發展,進一步健全以網絡安全法、數據安全法、個人信息保護法等法律為引領,涵蓋網絡內容建設與管理、網絡安全、信息化、網絡空間國際合作等領域,法律、行政法規、部門規章等多個位階,民商法、刑法、行政法等多個法律部門的網絡法律體系。強化網絡重點立法,加快制定修訂網絡安全法、未成年人網絡保護條例、網絡數據安全管理條例等法律法規。堅持急用先行,豐富“小快靈”立法。強化前沿問題研究,加快推進數字經濟、互聯網金融、人工智能、大數據、雲計算等新興領域立法步伐,做到新技術新應用發展到哪裡、法治建設就覆蓋到哪裡。
深入開展網絡執法,保障網絡法律法規實施。深入推進網絡執法協調機制建設,強化跨領域跨部門聯合執法,推動形成橫向協同、縱向聯動的全國網絡行政執法工作體系,完善行政執法與刑事司法銜接機制。加強網絡傳播秩序規范治理。聚焦人民群眾反映強烈的突出問題,持續開展“清朗”系列專項行動,綜合運用多種懲戒方式,開展分類分級監管執法。依法打擊利用網絡從事危害國家安全和社會公共利益、擾亂經濟秩序和社會秩序、侵害他人合法權益等違法犯罪活動,嚴厲懲處利用網絡傳播違法信息行為。加強網絡執法人才隊伍建設,推進嚴格規范公正文明執法。
加強法治宣傳研究,凝聚依法治網強大力量。全面實施網信系統“八五”普法規劃,將“誰立法誰普法”“誰執法誰普法”“誰管理誰普法”“誰服務誰普法”貫穿於依法治網全過程。將領導干部和青少年網絡法治宣傳教育作為工作重點,加大互聯網行業從業人員法律法規教育培訓力度,不斷提升全社會網絡法治意識和素養。深化網絡法治研究與教育,推進網絡法治理論創新,建立健全網絡法治教育長效機制,推動網絡法治智庫建設,為網絡法治建設提供更強大的智力支持。
增進國際交流合作,推動構建網絡空間命運共同體。堅持以習近平總書記關於構建網絡空間命運共同體的理念主張為指引,加大我國互聯網治理實踐和理念主張的對外宣介力度,做好《新時代的中國網絡法治建設》白皮書宣傳解讀工作,加強對外傳播,講好中國故事。積極參與數字貨幣、數字稅、數據安全、個人信息保護等領域國際規則制定。充分發揮聯合國主渠道作用,通過金磚國家合作機制、上海合作組織、亞非法律協商組織、世界互聯網大會等平台,加強網絡立法和政策機制建設交流合作。
(作者為中央宣傳部副部長,中央網絡安全和信息化委員會辦公室主任、國家互聯網信息辦公室主任)
《 人民日報 》( 2023年03月17日 10 版)
In-depth study and implementation of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important expositions, and strive to create a new situation in the work of Internet rule of law in the new era
Zhuang RongwenMarch 17, 2023 06:41 | Source:
People’s Daily Online – People’s Daily
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Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has put forward a series of original new ideas, new ideas, and new strategies in leading the great practice of comprehensively governing the country according to law and building a cyber power, forming Xi Jinping’s thoughts on the rule of law and President Xi Jinping’s thoughts on the rule of law. The secretary’s important thoughts on the power of the Internet. General Secretary Xi Jinping has a deep grasp of the “time” and “trend” of the information age, attaches great importance to the work of the rule of law on the Internet, and incorporates the rule of law into the overall law-based governance of the country and the construction of a strong network country. Discuss and make clear requirements. Under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, especially Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law and General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important thoughts on the power of the Internet, my country’s rule of law in the Internet has been further advanced, and the Internet legal system with Chinese characteristics has been continuously improved. , and the road to governing the Internet according to law with Chinese characteristics, the construction of the Internet rule of law has made historic achievements.
The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out profoundly: “Comprehensively ruling the country according to law is a profound revolution in state governance. This is the first time that my country has released a white paper on the construction of the rule of law on the Internet. It is important for in-depth study and implementation of the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and to accelerate the construction of a powerful network country and a digital China in the new era. On the track of the rule of law It is of great significance to build a modern socialist country in an all-round way. We must take the opportunity of the release of the white paper “Construction of the Internet Rule of Law in China in the New Era” to study and implement Xi Jinping’s thought on the rule of law and General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important thoughts on the power of the Internet. The decisive significance of “two establishments” is to strengthen the “four consciousnesses”, strengthen the “four self-confidence”, and achieve “two maintenances”, and fully implement the major decisions and deployments of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China on comprehensively governing the country according to law and building a powerful network country , strive to create a new situation in the work of the rule of law on the Internet in the new era, escort the high-quality development of digital China with the power of the rule of law, and provide a solid rule of law guarantee for the construction of a powerful network country.
1. In-depth study and implementation of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important exposition on the rule of law on the Internet
General Secretary Xi Jinping has put forward a series of original new ideas, new ideas and new strategies centering on the major era issue of governing the Internet according to the law, and clarified the important position, strategic goals, principle requirements, and international propositions of the Internet rule of law in the overall situation of the party and the country. and basic methods, etc. These important expositions have enriched and perfected Xi Jinping’s thoughts on the rule of law and General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important thoughts on the power of the Internet with new connotations, and provided scientific guidance for us to do a good job in network security and informatization.
General Secretary Xi Jinping profoundly expounded the requirements of the times for the construction of the rule of law on the Internet. At present, the overall strategy of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, the major changes in the world unseen in a century, and the trend of the information revolution era have historically converged, and a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation has developed in depth. General Secretary Xi Jinping accurately grasped the general trend of the era when human society is undergoing an information revolution, and emphasized that the “new frontier” of the Internet is not a “land outside the law”. Legislation in key fields, emerging fields, and foreign-related fields, coordinate the advancement of domestic and foreign-related rule of law, promote development with good laws, and ensure good governance. We must use law-based governance of the Internet as a basic means, continue to accelerate the formulation and improvement of laws and regulations in the Internet field, and promote law-based management of the Internet. Run the Internet according to the law, access the Internet according to the law, ensure that the Internet operates on the track of the rule of law, and so on. These important expositions scientifically calibrate the background and historical orientation of the construction of the rule of law on the Internet, fully reflect the profound insight into the development pulse of the information age, and the precise grasp of the new characteristics of cyberspace, and further deepen our understanding of the historical inevitability and reality of the construction of the rule of law on the Internet. awareness of urgency.
General Secretary Xi Jinping scientifically pointed out the practical path for the construction of the rule of law on the Internet. General Secretary Xi Jinping, on the basis of profoundly summarizing the practical experience of law-based network governance since my country’s full-featured access to the international Internet, focused on the new situation, new tasks, new situations, and new problems faced by the network legal work since the new era, and made a comprehensive deployment of the network legal construction, emphasizing It is necessary to thoroughly implement the Cybersecurity Law, ensure the healthy development of new business forms and models with good laws and good governance, formulate legislative plans as soon as possible, improve laws and regulations such as Internet information content management and key information infrastructure protection, and strengthen network social management in accordance with the law, etc. These important expositions are deeply rooted in the fertile soil of practice in the construction of the rule of law on the Internet in my country. They originate from practice, guide practice, and are verified by practice. Powerful practical power.
General Secretary Xi Jinping highlighted the concept of serving the people in the construction of the rule of law on the Internet. The rule of law on the Internet is directly connected to more than 1 billion Internet users, and is closely related to the sense of gain, happiness, and security of more than 1.4 billion people. General Secretary Xi Jinping has repeatedly stressed that cyberspace governance must be strengthened in accordance with the law in an attitude of being responsible to the society and the people, and that illegal and criminal acts such as cyber hacking, telecommunications and network fraud, and infringement of citizens’ personal privacy must be severely cracked down in accordance with the law, so as to protect citizens’ cyberspace security. Legal rights to space, etc. These important expositions, insisting that the rule of law on the Internet is for the people, rely on the people, benefit the people, and protect the people, have injected the deepest and most lasting source of motivation and development foundation for the construction of the rule of law on the Internet.
General Secretary Xi Jinping clearly put forward China’s proposition of international exchanges and cooperation on the rule of law on the Internet. General Secretary Xi Jinping creatively put forward the “Four Principles” to promote the reform of the global Internet governance system and the “Five Proposals” to build a community with a shared future in cyberspace. , drug trafficking, money laundering, gambling and other criminal activities; China is willing to work with other countries to promote the formulation of universally accepted international rules in cyberspace, improve the judicial assistance mechanism for combating cybercrime, and jointly maintain peace and security in cyberspace, etc. These important expositions regard the rule of law as an important guarantee for promoting the reform of the global Internet governance system and building a community with a shared future in cyberspace, put forward a series of ideologies, principles and guidelines that conform to the practice of network development and reflect the common wishes of all countries, and propose a Chinese plan for the construction of the rule of law on the Internet , Contributed Chinese wisdom.
General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important exposition on the rule of law on the Internet has profound thoughts and rich connotations, and is highly political, ideological, forward-looking, and instructive. It provides us with a fundamental follow-up and action guide for us to do a good job in the work of the rule of law on the Internet in the new era. We must in-depth study and comprehensively grasp the rich connotations, practical requirements, and distinctive features of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important expositions on the rule of law on the Internet, and earnestly enhance the ideological, political, and action awareness of learning and implementing them.
2. Comprehensively grasp the historic achievements made in the construction of the rule of law on the Internet in my country in the new era
Since full-featured access to the international Internet in 1994, my country has attached great importance to the construction of the rule of law on the Internet, and has continuously explored the way to rule the Internet according to the law in line with the characteristics of China’s Internet development. Entering the new era, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, and under the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, we have conscientiously studied and implemented General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important exposition on the rule of law on the Internet, and insisted on governing the Internet by law. It has been placed in a more prominent position and has achieved a series of remarkable achievements, making important contributions to the construction of a strong network country, the comprehensive rule of law, and the party’s governance of the country under the conditions of informationization.
Promote scientific legislation and lay the foundation for the rule of law in cyberspace. Grasp the law of Internet development, focus on establishing a legal system for the protection of network rights and interests, improve the legal rules of the digital economy, delineate legal red lines for network security, and improve network ecological governance norms. Fundamental, comprehensive, and overall laws such as protection laws. Up to now, more than 140 pieces of legislation in the network field have been formulated and promulgated, basically forming a constitution based on the Constitution, relying on laws, administrative regulations, departmental regulations, local regulations, and local government regulations, based on traditional legislation, and based on network content construction and cooperation. The network legal system with special network legislation on management, network security and informatization as the main body provides a solid institutional guarantee for the construction of a strong network country.
Promote strict law enforcement to ensure orderly cyberspace. Adhere to strict, standardized, fair and civilized law enforcement on the Internet, increase law enforcement in key areas, comprehensively protect the legitimate rights and interests of the people, and safeguard social and public interests. Increase law enforcement efforts to protect personal information, strengthen network intellectual property protection, actively explore law enforcement models that are compatible with new business forms in the network market, and rectify monopoly and unfair competition behaviors in accordance with the law. Strengthen security law enforcement in areas such as network basic resources, important network systems, and network data, continue to carry out a series of special campaigns such as “cleaning the network”, “clearing the sky” and “protecting seedlings” , Internet violence, algorithm abuse, and minors’ addiction to online games, and other issues, to promote the continuous improvement of cyberspace and clear skies.
Promote fair justice and safeguard fairness and justice in cyberspace. Actively respond to the new demands of justice in the information age, and use network information technology to empower traditional justice. Innovate Internet judicial rules, formulate Internet-related judicial interpretations in a timely manner, and try new types of judicial cases that are difficult and complex and have prominent Internet characteristics in accordance with the law. Explore the network judicial model, actively promote the in-depth application of modern technologies such as big data, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence in the fields of litigation services, trial enforcement, and judicial management. The quality, efficiency and effect of trials are showing a good trend.
Promote the law-abiding of the whole people, and enhance the awareness and literacy of the rule of law in the Internet of the whole society. Innovate the content, form, and means of online legal publicity and education, expand the new model of “Internet + law popularization”, actively use online media to carry out online legal popularization activities, and promote the extension of offline legal popularization to online. Publicity on the rule of law was carried out around young people, employees of Internet companies and other important objects of law popularization, and the awareness and literacy of the rule of law in the Internet of the whole society were significantly enhanced. Strengthen the professional construction and personnel training of Internet law disciplines, actively promote the construction of Internet rule of law think tanks, and provide intellectual support and talent guarantee for the construction of Internet rule of law.
Promote international exchanges and actively participate in the construction of the rule of law on the global network. Adhere to the guidance of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s concept and proposition of building a community of shared future in cyberspace, and actively carry out international exchanges and cooperation on the rule of law in the Internet. Support the role of the United Nations as the main channel in the international governance of the Internet, and put forward the “Global Data Security Initiative”. Actively participate in the formation of regional network governance rules. Carry out bilateral and multilateral dialogues and exchanges on the rule of law on the Internet, and strengthen international law enforcement and judicial cooperation on Internet security. Establish a platform for international dialogue and cooperation on the rule of law in the Internet, hold the World Internet Conference, and release the “Action Initiative to Build a Community of Shared Future in Cyberspace”, etc.
3. Conscientiously summarize the valuable experience in the construction of the rule of law on the Internet in my country in the new era
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the reason why my country’s Internet rule of law has achieved historic achievements and achieved leapfrog development is fundamentally that General Secretary Xi Jinping, as the core of the Party Central Committee and the core of the whole party, is at the helm at the helm, and lies in Xi Jinping’s new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics In particular, Xi Jinping’s thoughts on the rule of law and General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important scientific guidance on the network power. Since the new era, the construction of the rule of law on the Internet has developed in practice, innovated in inheritance, and accumulated a series of hard-won and precious experiences.
Persist in guiding the overall work of the rule of law on the Internet with Xi Jinping’s socialist ideology with Chinese characteristics in the new era. Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is Marxism in contemporary China and Marxism in the 21st century. We must thoroughly study and implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, especially closely combine the study and implementation of Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law with General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important thoughts on the power of the Internet, conscientiously implement General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important exposition on the rule of law on the Internet, and earnestly implement it. It is used to arm the mind, guide practice, and promote work.
Persist in strengthening the party’s overall leadership over the rule of law work on the Internet. The party’s overall leadership is the fundamental political guarantee for doing a good job in the rule of law on the Internet. It is necessary to strengthen the party’s overall leadership over the Internet and information work, insist on the party’s management of the Internet, deeply understand the decisive significance of the “two establishments”, strengthen the “four consciousnesses”, strengthen the “four self-confidence”, and achieve the “two maintenances”, and constantly Improve political judgment, political comprehension, and political execution, and implement the party’s leadership throughout the entire process and all aspects of governing the Internet by law, so as to ensure that Internet rule of law work always advances along the correct political direction and path.
Adhere to the people as the center. The work of the rule of law on the Internet is closely related to the vital interests of the people. We must always adhere to the people-centered development idea, and implement the interests of the people, reflect the wishes of the people, safeguard the rights and interests of the people, and improve the well-being of the people in all aspects of the construction of the rule of law on the Internet. The masses create a safe, fair, healthy, civilized, and clear cyberspace.
Adhere to the road of Internet rule of law with Chinese characteristics. The path of Internet rule of law with Chinese characteristics is essentially a concrete manifestation of the path of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics in the field of Internet information, and it is a concentrated expression of the achievements and experience of my country’s Internet rule of law construction. We must adhere to the way of governing the Internet with Chinese characteristics, based on national conditions, public conditions, and Internet conditions, use legal thinking and methods to solve bottlenecks that restrict Internet development, take the road of Internet rule of law with Chinese characteristics, and propose Chinese solutions for promoting the reform of the global Internet governance system , Contribute Chinese wisdom.
Persist in grasping the law of network rule of law work. The rule of law on the Internet is a university and a new study. It is necessary to scientifically grasp the internal laws, properly handle the relationship between development and security, freedom and order, openness and autonomy, and management and service. Coordinating with encouragement and support, linking domestic rule of law with foreign-related rule of law, boosting the high-quality development of cybersecurity and informatization with high-quality rule of law construction, providing guarantees for the healthy and orderly development of the Internet, and laying a solid foundation for the rule of law for the construction of a strong network country.
Persist in advancing the innovation of network rule of law work. The Internet was born and prospered because of innovation, and the rule of law on the Internet especially needs innovation. It is necessary to conform to the general trend of global informatization development, based on the practice of my country’s Internet development, accelerate the promotion of all-round innovations in the concept, content, methods, and methods of the rule of law on the Internet, improve and innovate the rules of new technologies and new fields, and enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of the rule of law work on the Internet. Lead the practice of the rule of law on the Internet with innovation.
Persist in cohesive efforts in network rule of law work. The rule of law work on the Internet is a systematic project, and it is necessary to make overall plans, grasp the key points, and make overall plans, better exert the enthusiasm, initiative, and creativity of all parties, and coordinate and promote the construction and management of Internet content, Internet security, informatization, and international cooperation in cyberspace The rule of law work in various fields, so that the Internet can run healthily on the track of the rule of law.
4. Strive to create a new situation in the network rule of law work in the new era
Promoting law-based governance of the Internet is an inevitable requirement for comprehensive law-based governance, and Internet rule of law work is an important guarantee for the construction of a powerful Internet country. We must thoroughly study, publicize and implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, especially Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law and General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important thoughts on the power of the Internet, build the foundation of the rule of law, practice the power of the rule of law, Accumulate the momentum of the rule of law, deeply promote the process of the rule of law in cyberspace, and strive to create a new situation in the work of the rule of law in the Internet.
Effectively improve political standing, and strengthen the party’s overall leadership over the rule of law on the Internet. Deeply comprehend the decisive significance of the “two establishments”, strengthen the “four consciousnesses”, strengthen the “four self-confidence”, and achieve the “two maintenances”, and fully implement the party’s management of the Internet in the work of online legislation, law enforcement, judiciary, and law popularization the whole process and all aspects. Improve the system and mechanism for the party leadership to rule the Internet according to the law, and form a strong working force.
Strengthen legislation in key areas, and build a systematic and complete network legal system. Based on the development of the Internet information business during the “14th Five-Year Plan” period, further improve laws such as the Network Security Law, Data Security Law, and Personal Information Protection Law, covering network content construction and management, network security, informatization, international cooperation in cyberspace, etc. Fields, laws, administrative regulations, departmental rules and other levels, civil and commercial law, criminal law, administrative law and other legal departments of the network legal system. Strengthen key legislation on the Internet, and speed up the formulation and revision of laws and regulations such as the Internet Security Law, the Regulations on the Internet Protection of Minors, and the Regulations on the Management of Internet Data Security. Adhere to urgent needs first, and enrich the “small, fast and smart” legislation. Strengthen research on cutting-edge issues, accelerate the pace of legislation in emerging fields such as digital economy, Internet finance, artificial intelligence, big data, and cloud computing, so that wherever new technologies and applications develop, the rule of law will be covered.
Carry out in-depth cyber law enforcement to ensure the implementation of cyber laws and regulations. Deeply promote the construction of network law enforcement coordination mechanisms, strengthen cross-field and cross-departmental joint law enforcement, promote the formation of a national network administrative law enforcement work system with horizontal coordination and vertical linkage, and improve the connection mechanism between administrative law enforcement and criminal justice. Strengthen the orderly and standardized governance of online communication. Focus on outstanding issues that the people have strongly reported, continue to carry out the “Qinglang” series of special actions, comprehensively use various punishment methods, and carry out classified and hierarchical supervision and law enforcement. Crack down on the use of the Internet to engage in illegal and criminal activities that endanger national security and social and public interests, disrupt economic and social order, and infringe on the legitimate rights and interests of others, and severely punish the use of the Internet to disseminate illegal information. Strengthen the construction of online law enforcement talent teams, and promote strict, standardized, fair and civilized law enforcement.
Strengthen the publicity and research of the rule of law, and gather powerful forces to rule the Internet according to the law. Fully implement the “Eighth Five-Year” law popularization plan of the network information system, and “whoever makes the law popularizes the law”, “whoever enforces the law popularizes the law”, “whoever manages the law popularizes”, and “whoever serves the service popularizes the law” runs through the entire process of governing the Internet by law. Make the publicity and education of the rule of law on the Internet for leading cadres and youth a priority, increase the education and training of laws and regulations for Internet industry practitioners, and continuously improve the awareness and quality of the rule of law in the entire society. Deepen research and education on the rule of law on the Internet, promote theoretical innovation on the rule of law on the Internet, establish and improve a long-term mechanism for education on the rule of law on the Internet, promote the construction of think tanks on the rule of law on the Internet, and provide stronger intellectual support for the construction of the rule of law on the Internet.
Enhance international exchanges and cooperation, and promote the building of a community of shared future in cyberspace. Adhere to the guidance of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s concept and proposition of building a community with a shared future in cyberspace, increase the intensity of publicity of my country’s Internet governance practices and concepts to the outside world, do a good job in the publicity and interpretation of the white paper “Construction of China’s Internet Rule of Law in the New Era”, and strengthen external communication. Spread and tell Chinese stories well. Actively participate in the formulation of international rules in the fields of digital currency, digital taxation, data security, and personal information protection. Give full play to the role of the United Nations as the main channel, and strengthen exchanges and cooperation in the construction of online legislation and policy mechanisms through platforms such as the BRICS cooperation mechanism, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the Asian-African Legal Consultative Organization, and the World Internet Conference.
(The author is the deputy director of the Central Propaganda Department, the director of the Office of the Central Cyber Security and Informatization Commission, and the director of the State Internet Information Office)
“People’s Daily” (version 10, March 17, 2023)
http://politics.people.com.cn/BIG5/n1/2023/0317/c1001-32645866.html